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Promethazine
drug data and news
Promethazine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Promethazine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | 3277 RP; 3389 R.P.; 4182 R.P.; Allergan; Aprobit; Atosil; Avomine; Dimapp; Diphergan; Diprazine; Diprozin; Dorme; Duplamin; Fargan; Fellozine; Fenazil; Fenergan; Fenetazina; Genphen; Hiberna; Histargan; Iergigan; Isophenergan; Isopromethazine; Lercigan; Lergigan; Lilly 1516; Mymethazine Fortis; PHENERGAN/COD; Phargan; Phenargan; Phencen; Phenergan; Phenergan Fortis; Phensedyl; Pilpophen; Pipolphen; Proazaimine; Proazamine; Procit; Promazinamide; Prometasin; Prometazin; Prometh Fortis; Prometh Plain; Promethacon; Promethaine; Promethazin; Promethazine; Promethazine Hcl; Promethazine Plain; Promethegan; Promethiazine; Promezathine; Prorex; Protazine; Prothazin; Prothazine; Provigan; Pyrethia; Pyrethiazine; RP 3277; RP-3277; Remsed; Romergan; SKF 1498; Synalgos; Tanidil; Thiergan; Valergine; Vallergine; WY 509; Zipan-25 | ||
| Indication | For the treatment of allergic disorders, itching, nausea and vomiting | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Promethazine, a phenothiazine, is an H1-antagonist with anticholinergic, sedative, and antiemetic effects and some local anesthetic properties. Promethazine is used as an antiemetic or to prevent motion sickness. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Like other H1-antagonists, promethazine competes with free histamine for binding at H1-receptor sites in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. The relief of nausea appears to be related to central anticholinergic actions and may implicate activity on the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone. | ||
| Promethazine News (When available) |
Akathisia With Combined Use of Midodrine and Promethazine May 2, 2006 Antihistamine promethazine: Warning for kids under 2 Apr 27, 2006 FDA Rules Out Promethazine HCl for Kids Under 2 Apr 26, 2006 FDA issues label change for promethazine HCl Apr 28, 2006 Phenergan should be a controlled drug! May 15, 2006 IN THE NEWS May 9, 2006 FDA Warns of Antihistamine-Related Deaths in Young Children Apr 26, 2006 Allergy Drug Shouldn't Be Given to Young Children: FDA Apr 26, 2006 Patrick Kennedy Crashes Car Into a Capitol Hill Barrier May 5, 2006 In Brief: Autism May 5, 2006 Leon traffic stop nets 132 pints of codeine Apr 29, 2006 Prescription cough syrup lands man in jail Apr 17, 2006 More on the drugs Rep. Kennedy blames May 5, 2006 FDA warns antihistamine linked to deaths in children under 2 Apr 26, 2006 Patrick Kennedy's Psychedelic Freak Out! May 5, 2006 Houston judge forbids physician to use doctor title Apr 26, 2006 Athlete to stand trial in separate case Apr 26, 2006 Judge orders doctor never to use medical title again Apr 26, 2006 Medication Warning Apr 25, 2006 Probe points to ex-nurse at Shands in death of student Apr 19, 2006 Julius Berger Imports Fake Drugs, Says NAFDAC Apr 20, 2006 Seasick without the sea May 4, 2006 Kids Getting High Sipping on Sizzurp May 3, 2006 This Week in Health Apr 28, 2006 FDA: Don't give tots allergy drug Apr 30, 2006 Kennedy crashes car into DC traffic barrier May 4, 2006 FDA Warns Antihistamine Linked to Deaths Apr 25, 2006 FDA warns against use of antihistamine for children under 2 Apr 25, 2006 FDA warns against use of antihistamine for children under 2 Apr 25, 2006 2,500 gallons of codeine syrup and a suicide Apr 28, 2006 FDA Warns About Antihistamine Apr 27, 2006 FDA Issues Antihistamine Warning Apr 25, 2006 Judge strips doctor of title for writing fake prescriptions Apr 27, 2006 | ||
| Dosage Forms | Tablets, suppositories, opthalmic drops, syrup | ||
| Drug_Category | Anti-allergic Agents; Antipruritics; Phenothiazine Derivatives; ATC:D04AA10; ATC:R06AD02; ATC:R06AD05 | ||
| Absorption | On average, 88% of a promethazine dose is absorbed after oral administration; however, the absolute bioavailability is only 25% because of first-pass clearance | ||
| Interactions |
-->Interactions for Promethazine: Injection: Narcotics And Barbiturates: The CNS-depressant effects of narcotics are additive with promethazine hydrochloride. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maoi): Drug interactions, including an increased incidence of extrapyramidal effects, have been reported when some MAOI and phenothiazines are used concomitantly. Although such a reaction has not been reported with promethazine, the possibility should be considered. Syrup, Tablets and Suppositories: CNS Depressants - Phenergan Tablets and Suppositories may increase, prolong, or intensify the sedative action of other central-nervous-system depressants, such as alcohol, sedatives/hypnotics (including barbiturates), narcotics, narcotic analgesics, general anesthetics, tricyclic antidepressants, and tranquilizers; therefore, such agents should be avoided or administered in reduced dosage to patients receiving promethazine HCl. When given concomitantly with Phenergan Tablets and Suppositories, the dose of barbiturates should be reduced by at least one-half, and the dose of narcotics should be reduced by one-quarter to one-half. Dosage must be individualized. Excessive amounts of promethazine HCl relative to a narcotic may lead to restlessness and motor hyperactivity in the patient with pain; these symptoms usually disappear with adequate control of the pain. Epinephrine - Because of the potential for Phenergan to reverse epinephrineís vasopressor effect, epinephrine should NOT be used to treat hypotension associated with Phenergan Tablets and Suppositories overdose. Anticholinergics - Concomitant use of other agents with anticholinergic properties should be undertaken with caution. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) - Drug interactions, including an increased incidence of extrapyramidal effects, have been reported when some MAOI and phenothiazines are used concomitantly. This possibility should be considered with Phenergan Tablets and Suppositories. | ||
| Toxicity | mild depression of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system to profound hypotension, respiratory depression, unconsciousness, and sudden death. Other reported reactions include hyperreflexia, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, and extensor-plantar reflexes (Babinski reflex). LD50=55mg/kg (I.V. in mice) | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | N,N-dimethyl-1-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-2-amine | ||
| Chemical Formula | C17H20N2S | ||
| Molecular Weight | 284.42 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC(CN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C31)N(C)C | ||
| Melting Point | 60°C | ||
| Water Solubility | Freely soluble | ||
| State | white to faint yellow, practically odorless, crystalline powder | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 4.946 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic | ||
| Half Life | 16-19 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 93% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Promethazine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/phenergan.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00601 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 60-87-7 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07404 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:278510 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | Not Available | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 583979 |
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