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Pentamidine
drug data and news
Pentamidine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Pentamidine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | 4, 4'-Diamidinodiphenoxypentane; Nebupent; PNT; Pentacarinat; Pentam; Pentam 300; Pentamide; Pentamidine; Pentamidine Isethionate; Pentamidine Isetionate; Pneumopent | ||
| Indication | For the treatment of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii. | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Pentamidine is an antiprotozoal agent. It is an aromatic diamidine, and is known to have activity against Pneumocystis carinii. The exact nature of its antiprotozoal action is unknown. in vitro studies with mammalian tissues and the protozoan Crithidia oncopelti indicate that the drug interferes with nuclear metabolism producing inhibition of the synthesis of DNA, RNA, phospholipids and proteins. Little is known about the drug's pharmacokinetics. The medication is also useful in Leishmaniasis and in prophylaxis against sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Hydration before treatment lessens the incidence and severity of side effects, which include liver or kidney dysfunction, hypertension, hypotension, hypoglycemia, hypocalemia, leukopenia, thrombcytopenia, anemia, and allergic reaction. It is generally well-tolerated. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | The mode of action of pentamidine is not fully understood. It is thought that the drug interferes with nuclear metabolism producing inhibition of the synthesis of DNA, RNA, phospholipids, and proteins. | ||
| Pentamidine News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | POWDER FOR SOLUTION | ||
| Drug_Category | Trypanocidal Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Antifungal Agents; ATC:P01CX01 | ||
| Absorption | Absorbed poorly through the gastrointestinal tract and is usually administered parenterally. | ||
| Interactions | Not Available | ||
| Toxicity | Symptoms of overdose include pain, nausea, anorexia, hypotension, fever, rash, bad taste in mouth, confusion/hallucinations, dizziness, and diarrhea. | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 4-[5-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy)pentoxy]benzenecarboximidamide | ||
| Chemical Formula | C19H24N4O2 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 340.42 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=N)N)OCCCCCOC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=N)N | ||
| Melting Point | 186.0 oC (decomposes) | ||
| Water Solubility | Complete | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 3.28 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic. | ||
| Half Life | 9.1-13.2 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 69% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Pentamidine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/pentam.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00303 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 100-33-4 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07420 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:150570 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA450850 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2183080 |
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