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Ondansetron
drug data and news
Ondansetron drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Ondansetron | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Zophren; Zofran; Zudan; Zofran ODT | ||
| Indication | For treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Ondansetron is an antinauseant and antiemetic agent indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately-emetogenic cancer chemotherapy and for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron is a highly specific and selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, not shown to have activity at other known serotonin receptors and with low affinity for dopamine receptors. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. The serotonin 5-HT3 receptors are located on the nerve terminals of the vagus in the periphery and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. It is thought that chemotherapeutic agents produce nausea and vomiting by releasing serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine, and that the released serotonin then activates 5-HT3 receptors located on vagal efferents to initiate the vomiting reflex. Therefore Ondansetron works by blocking the reception of serotonin at these 5-HT3 receptors. | ||
| Ondansetron News (When available) |
Taro Receives Tentative ANDA Approvals For Carvedilol Tablets and ... Apr 24, 2006 Oral Ondansetron for Gastroenteritis in a Pediatric Emergency ... Apr 19, 2006 Hana Biosciences Reaffirms Expected Timing of First NDA Filing May 9, 2006 SCOLR Pharma First Quarter 2006 Financial Results May 9, 2006 Anti-Vomiting Drug Protects Kids From Dehydration Apr 19, 2006 Taro Pharma Granted Tentative ANDA Approvals For Carvedilol ... Apr 24, 2006 Cancer drug stops vomiting in children Apr 19, 2006 FDA approves 3 Taro drugs Apr 24, 2006 Husband won't take wife home without drug Apr 20, 2006 Study finds antivomit drug helps, overused Apr 20, 2006 Hospital finds a way Apr 21, 2006 Taro Pharma Receives Tentative Approval From FDA For Carvedilol ... Apr 24, 2006 Hana Biosciences Reports First Quarter 2006 Results May 4, 2006 Preapertura EE.UU. May 10, 2006 Anti-nausea drug to 'help children's platinum treatments' - 20th ... Apr 20, 2006 Man keeps wife in hospital to get drug Apr 20, 2006 Man takes drastic action for drugs Apr 21, 2006 Taro Pharmaceutical Gets Tentative ANDA OK For Two Drugs Apr 24, 2006 Oral Zofran Eases Vomiting in Kids With Gastroenteritis Apr 20, 2006 AUDIO SUMMARY Apr 19, 2006 | ||
| Dosage Forms | TABLET; LIQUID | ||
| Drug_Category | Anti-anxiety Agents; Antipsychotics; Antipruritics; Antiemetics; Serotonin Antagonists; ATC:A04AA01 | ||
| Absorption | Ondansetron is well absorbed after oral administration and undergoes limited first-pass metabolism. | ||
| Interactions | Interactions for Ondansetron: Ondansetron does not itself appear to induce or inhibit the cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing enzyme system of the liver. Because ondansetron is metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2), inducers or inhibitors of these enzymes may change the clearance and, hence, the half-life of ondansetron. On the basis of limited available data, no dosage adjustment is recommended for patients on these drugs. Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, and Rifampicin: In patients treated with potent inducers of CYP3A4 (i.e., phenytoin, carbamazepine, and rifampicin), the clearance of ondansetron was significantly increased and ondansetron blood concentrations were decreased. However, on the basis of available data, no dosage adjustment for ondansetron is recommended for patients on these drugs.1,3 Tramadol: Although no pharmacokinetic drug interaction between ondansetron and tramadol has been observed, data from 2 small studies indicate that ondansetron may be associated with an increase in patient controlled administration of tramadol.4,5 Chemotherapy: Tumor response to chemotherapy in the P 388 mouse leukemia model is not affected by ondansetron. In humans, carmustine, etoposide, and cisplatin do not affect the pharmacokinetics of ondansetron. In a crossover study in 76 pediatric patients, I.V. ondansetron did not increase blood levels of high-dose methotrexate. | ||
| Toxicity | Low blood pressure and fainting, sudden blindness, severe constipation | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-1,2,3,9-tetrahydrocarbazol-4-one | ||
| Chemical Formula | C18H19N3O | ||
| Molecular Weight | 293.363 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC1=NC=CN1CC2CCC3=C(C2=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N3C | ||
| Melting Point | Not Available | ||
| Water Solubility | Not Available | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 2.019 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic | ||
| Half Life | 5.7 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 70%-76% (Plasma protein binding) | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/zof1501.shtml http://www.drugs.com/cons/Ondansetron.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/ondansetron.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00481 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 99614-02-5 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07325 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:194568 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | Not Available | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2239372 |
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