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Gemcitabine
drug data and news
Gemcitabine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Gemcitabine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | CCRIS 8984; DDFC; Dfdc; GEO; Gemcin; Gemcitabina [Inn-Spanish]; Gemcitabine; Gemcitabine Hcl; Gemcitabine Hydrochloride; Gemcitabine [Usan:Ban:Inn]; Gemcitabinum [Inn-Latin]; Gemtro; Gemzar | ||
| Indication | For the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer , locally advanced (Stage IIIA or IIIB), or metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer and as first-line treatment for patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Gemcitabine is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite. Anti-metabolites masquerade as purine or pyrimidine - which become the building blocks of DNA. They prevent these substances becoming incorporated in to DNA during the "S" phase (or DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle), stopping normal development and division. Gemcitabine blocks an enzyme which converts the cytosine nucleotide into the deoxy derivative. In addition, DNA synthesis is further inhibited because Gemcitabine blocks the incorporation of the thymidine nucleotide into the DNA strand. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Gemcitabine inhibits thymidylate synthetase, leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death. Gemcitabine is a prodrug so activity occurs as a result of intracellular conversion to two active metabolites, gemcitabine diphosphate and gemcitabine triphosphate by deoxycitidine kinase. Gemcitabine diphosphate inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing synthesis of deoxynucleoside triphosphates required for DNA synthesis. Gemcitabine triphosphate (diflurorodeoxycytidine triphosphate) competes with endogenous deoxynucleoside triphosphates for incorporation into DNA. | ||
| Gemcitabine News (When available) |
Allos Therapeutics Reports 2005 Financial Results 07 Mar 2006 NCCN Announces Important Updates to Ovarian Cancer Clinical ... 07 Mar 2006 Point Therapeutics' Diabetes Program Presented at Keystone ... 07 Mar 2006 Millennium and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & ... 07 Mar 2006 Gemcitabine Adds Benefit to Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Feb 23, 2006 Scheduled Combination of Allos Therapeutics' Pralatrexate Plus ... Feb 14, 2006 Threshold Pharmaceuticals Reports Fourth Quarter and Year End 2005 ... Mar 1, 2006 ImClone’s Erbitux Receives FDA Label In Head And Neck Cancer Mar 2, 2006 General Thoracic Surgery Feb 9, 2006 Combination of Alimta® and Gemzar® for Metastatic Breast Cancer Feb 24, 2006 Lorus Announces the Presentation of Virulizin Phase 3 Clinical ... Feb 1, 2006 The Cancer That Won't Quit Feb 20, 2006 Coley Pharmaceutical Group Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year ... Feb 23, 2006 Lorus announces the presentation of Virulizin(R) Phase III ... Feb 1, 2006 Optimising Herceptin-based Therapy in HER2-positive Metastatic ... Feb 22, 2006 MEDINET, Yokohama City University, Shin-Yokohama Medical Clinic ... Feb 21, 2006 Phenoxodiol Modulates Apoptotic Pathways in Cancer Cells Feb 23, 2006 GEMOX Active in Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer Feb 24, 2006 Lorus shares up 18% on Virulizin trial results Feb 1, 2006 Eli Lilly sues to block generic Gemzar production Feb 17, 2006 Lorus' pancreatic cancer drug shows benefit Feb 1, 2006 Lung Cancer Drug Pipeline Update Lists All 243 Drugs for Lung ... Feb 16, 2006 Innovate Oncology to merge with Avantogen subsidiary Feb 3, 2006 Therion completes enrollment in pancreatic cancer trial Feb 13, 2006 Pancreatic cancer vax set for 06 filing Feb 10, 2006 Avantogen And Innovate Merge Key Oncology Program, RP101, RP101 Feb 7, 2006 Gemzar® Effective in Advanced Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Feb 3, 2006 Meditech to Showcase Cancer Research at International Forum Feb 2, 2006 Pancreatic cancer a ’silent’ disease Feb 13, 2006 Therion Completes Phase III Enrollment for PANVAC-VF Pancreatic ... Feb 10, 2006 ArQule Reports Fiscal 2005 Year End and Fourth Quarter Results Feb 9, 2006 Gemzar® May Improve Results of Taxol®/Paraplatin® Regimen for ... Feb 9, 2006 How Competition Can Compromise the Cause for Kidney Cancer ... Feb 15, 2006 (PZ) Pharmexa Files the First Phase III Application Feb 1, 2006 Good Results with Cytoreductive Surgery Plus Intraperitoneal ... Feb 1, 2006 | ||
| Dosage Forms | lyophilized powder for injection | ||
| Drug_Category | Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Antivirals; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; ATC:L01BC05 | ||
| Absorption | 100% | ||
| Interactions |
-->Interactions for Gemcitabine: No specific drug interaction studies have been conducted. For information on the pharmacokinetics of Gemzar and cisplatin in combination, see Drug Interactions under CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY section. | ||
| Toxicity | Myelosuppression, paresthesias, and severe rash were the principal toxicities, | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 4-amino-1-[3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-1H-pyrimidin-2-one | ||
| Chemical Formula | C9H11F2N3O4 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 263.198 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)(F)F | ||
| Melting Point | 168.64°C | ||
| Water Solubility | Soluble | ||
| State | white to off-white solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | -1.318 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 3.6 | ||
| Biotransformation | Transformed via nucleoside kinases to two active metabolites, gemcitabine diphosphate and gemcitabine triphosphate. Can also undergo deamination via cytidine deaminase to an inactive uracil metabolite (dFdU). | ||
| Half Life | short infusions ranged from 32 to 94 minutes, and the value for long infusions vary from 245 to 638 minutes, depending on age and gender | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | plasma protein binding is negligible (<10%) | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Gemcitabine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/gemcitab.htm http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/HPI/DrugDatabase/DrugIndexPro/Gemcitabine.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00201 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 95058-81-4 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07650 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:9852 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | Not Available | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2230309 |
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