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Ganciclovir
drug data and news
Ganciclovir drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Ganciclovir | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Cytovene; Cytovene Iv; Cytovene-Iv; GA2; GCV & MSL; Ganciclovir; Ganciclovir Sodium; Gancyclovir; Hydroxyacyclovir; Valcyte; Vitrasert | ||
| Indication | For the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Ganciclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), Ganciclovir is highly selective due to its affinity for the enzyme thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by HSV and VZV. This viral enzyme converts Ganciclovir into Ganciclovir monophosphate, a nucleotide analogue. The monophosphate is further converted into diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase and into triphosphate by a number of cellular enzymes. in vitro, Ganciclovir triphosphate stops replication of herpes viral DNA. When used as a substrate for viral DNA polymerase, Ganciclovir triphosphate competitively inhibits dATP leading to the formation of 'faulty' DNA. This is where Ganciclovir triphosphate is incorporated into the DNA strand replacing many of the adenosine bases. This results in the prevention of DNA synthesis, as phosphodiester bridges can longer to be built, destabilizing the strand. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Ganciclovir stops replication of herpes viral DNA in 3 ways: 1) competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase, 2) incorporation into and termination of the growing viral DNA chain, and 3) inactivation of the viral DNA polymerase. Ganciclovir targets HSV and VSV thymidine kinase | ||
| Ganciclovir News (When available) |
Avaian flu threat to stimulate antiviral market growth Nov 11, 2005 Can Ayurveda cure HIV/AIDS? Nov 17, 2005 AIDS VIRUS THREATENS EPIDEMIC OF BLINDNESS Oct 5, 2005 pSivida buys US drug delivery firm for €87m Oct 4, 2005 Cryptococcal meningitis: treatment needs to be cheaper, more ... Sep 23, 2005 Anticonvulsant May Help Keep Lid on HIV Aug 11, 2005 Roche Marks 100th US Anniversary Jul 25, 2005 Antivirals Reduce Risk of CMV Infection in Transplants Jun 21, 2005 Antivirals Reduce Risk of CMV Infection in Transplants Jun 21, 2005 Cidofovir Modulated Gene Expression in Recurrent Respiratory ... May 28, 2005 India's Cheap Medicines Mar 29, 2005 Tuberculosis, Nontuberculous Lung Infection, Pleural Disorders ... Mar 7, 2005 Heart Transplant in a Young Man With Schizophrenia Mar 1, 2005 | ||
| Dosage Forms | CAPSULE; IMPOLANT; POWDER FOR SOLUTION | ||
| Drug_Category | Antivirals; Nucleosides and Nucleotides (08:18.32); ATC:J05AB06; ATC:J05AB14; | ||
| Absorption | Poorly absorbed orally, bioavailability is 6% to 9% | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Ganciclovir: No drug interactions have been observed with the Vitrasert Implant. There is limited experience with use of retinal tamponades in conjunction with the Vitrasert Implant. | ||
| Toxicity | Irreversible pancytopenia,worsening GI symptoms and acute renal failure | ||
| Organisms Affected | Human herpes virus | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 2-[(2-amino-6-hydroxy-purin-9-yl)methoxy]propane-1,3-diol | ||
| Chemical Formula | C9H13N5O4 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 255.231 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | C1=NC2=C(N1COC(CO)CO)NC(=NC2=O)N | ||
| Melting Point | 250 °C | ||
| Water Solubility | 4.3 mg/mL | ||
| State | Solid, white to off-white crystalline powder | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | -1.438 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Little to no metabolism; transformed to a monophosphate by viral thymidine kinases | ||
| Half Life | 2.5 to 3.6 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 1% to 2% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Ganciclovir.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/vitrasert.htm http://www.pharmgkb.org/views/index.jsp?objId= | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00263 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 82410-32-0 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | D00333 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:192372 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA449733 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2240362 |
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