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Ethynodiol Diacetate
drug data and news
Ethynodiol Diacetate drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
| Generic name |
Ethynodiol Diacetate
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| Brand Names/Synonyms |
8080 C. B.; CCRIS 305; Cervicundin; Continuin; Demulen; Ethinodiol Diacetate; Ethynodiol; Ethynodiol Diacetate; Ethynodiol Diacetate [Progestins]; Ethynodiol Diacetate [Usan]; Etynodiol; Femulen; Luteonorm; Luto-Metrodiol; Metrodiol; Metrodiol Diacetate; Metrulen; Ovulen; Ovulen 50; SC 11800 |
| Indication |
For the prevention of pregnancy in women who elect to use this product as a method of contraception. |
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Description |
Not Available |
| Pharmacology |
Ethynodiol Diacetate is used as a female contraceptive. Ethynodiol Diacetate is a progestin or a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female sex hormone, progesterone. In a woman's normal menstrual cycle, an egg matures and is released from the ovaries (ovulation). The ovary then produces progesterone, preventing the release of further eggs and priming the lining of the womb for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone levels in the body remain high, maintaining the womb lining. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels in the body fall, resulting in a menstrual period. Ethynodiol Diacetate tricks the body processes into thinking that ovulation has already occurred, by maintaining high levels of the synthetic progesterone. This prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries. |
| Mechanism Of Action |
Binds to the progesterone and estrogen receptors. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins like Ethynodiol Diacetate will slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and blunt the pre-ovulatory LH (luteinizing hormone) surge. |
Ethynodiol Diacetate News
(When available) |
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| Dosage Forms |
CREAM; LIQUID; OINTMENT; SOLUTION; SUSPENSION; SYRUP |
| Drug_Category |
Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; ATC:G03CA |
| Absorption |
Not Available |
| Interactions |
Interactions for Ethynodiol Diacetate:
Ethinyl estradiol: Substrate of CYP3A4 (major), 3A5-7 (minor); Inhibits CYP1A2 (weak), 2B6 (weak), 2C19 (weak), 3A4 (weak).
Acetaminophen: May increase plasma concentration of synthetic estrogens, possibly by inhibiting conjugation. Combination hormonal contraceptives may also decrease the plasma concentration of acetaminophen.
Acitretin: Interferes with the contraceptive effect of microdosed progestin-containing "minipill" preparations. The effect on other progestational contraceptives (eg, implants, injectables) is unknown.
Aminoglutethimide: May increase CYP metabolism of progestins leading to possible decrease in contraceptive effectiveness. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended.
Antibiotics (ampicillin, tetracycline): Pregnancy has been reported following concomitant use, however, pharmacokinetic studies have not shown consistent effects with these antibiotics on plasma concentrations of synthetic steroids. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended.
Anticoagulants: Combination hormonal contraceptives may increase or decrease the effects of coumarin derivatives. Combination hormonal contraceptives may also increase risk of thromboembolic disorders.
Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, felbamate, phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate): Increase the metabolism of ethinyl estradiol and/or some progestins, leading to possible decrease in contraceptive effectiveness. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended.
Ascorbic acid: Doses of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 1 g/day have been reported to increase plasma concentration of synthetic estrogens by ~47%, possibly by inhibiting conjugation; clinical implications are unclear.
Atorvastatin: Atorvastatin increases the AUC for norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol.
Benzodiazepines: Combination hormonal contraceptives may decrease the clearance of some benzodiazepines (alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam) and increase the clearance of others (lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam).
Clofibric acid: Combination hormonal contraceptives may increase the clearance of clofibric acid.
Cyclosporine: Combination hormonal contraceptives may inhibit the metabolism of cyclosporine, leading to increased plasma concentrations; monitor cyclosporine levels.
CYP3A4 inducers: CYP3A4 inducers may decrease the levels/effects of ethinyl estradiol. Example inducers include aminoglutethimide, carbamazepine, nafcillin, nevirapine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and rifamycins.
Griseofulvin: Griseofulvin may induce the metabolism of combination hormonal contraceptives causing menstrual changes; pregnancies have been reported. Use of barrier form of contraception is suggested while on griseofulvin therapy.
Morphine: Combination hormonal contraceptives may increase the clearance of morphine.
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): Nevirapine may decrease plasma levels of combination hormonal contraceptives; use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended. No data for delavirdine; incomplete data for efavirenz.
Prednisolone: Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the metabolism of prednisolone, leading to increased plasma concentrations.
Protease inhibitors: Amprenavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, and ritonavir have been shown to decrease plasma levels of combination hormonal contraceptives; use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended. Indinavir has been shown to increase plasma levels of combination hormonal contraceptives. No data for saquinavir.
Rifampin: Rifampin increases the metabolism of ethinyl estradiol and some progestins (norethindrone) resulting in decreased contraceptive effectiveness and increased menstrual irregularities. Use of a nonhormonal contraceptive product is recommended.
Salicylic acid: Combination hormonal contraceptives may increase the clearance of salicylic acid.
Selegiline: Combination hormonal contraceptives may increase the serum concentration of selegiline.
Theophylline: Ethinyl estradiol may inhibit the metabolism of theophylline, leading to increased plasma concentrations.
Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, nortriptyline): Metabolism may be inhibited by combination hormonal contraceptives, increasing plasma levels of antidepressant; use caution.
ETHANOL / NUTRITION / HERB INTERACTIONS:
Food: CNS effects of caffeine may be enhanced if combination hormonal contraceptives are used concurrently with caffeine. Grapefruit juice increases ethinyl estradiol concentrations and would be expected to increase progesterone serum levels as well; clinical implications are unclear.
Herb/Nutraceutical: St John's wort may decrease the effectiveness of combination hormonal contraceptives by inducing hepatic enzymes. Avoid dong quai and black cohosh (have estrogen activity). Avoid saw palmetto, red clover, ginseng.
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| Toxicity |
Not Available |
| Organisms Affected |
Humans and other mammals |
| Chemical IUPAC Name |
(3-acetyloxy-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-2,3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)ethanoate |
| Chemical Formula |
C24H32O4 |
| Molecular Weight |
384.508 g/mol |
| Smiles String |
CC(=O)OC1CCC2C3CCC4(C(C3CCC2=C1)CCC4(C#C)OC(=O)C)C |
| Melting Point |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
Not Available |
| State |
Solid |
| LogP/Hphobicity |
4.118 |
| Isoelectric Point |
Not Available |
| Biotransformation |
Not Available |
| Half Life |
Not Available |
| Protein Binding [%] |
50-85% |
| RxList Link |
RXlist |
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| Drug Reference |
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/ethynoc.htm |
| Drug Type |
Approved Drug |
| Accession No |
APRD00760 |
| CAS Registry Number |
297-76-7 |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C12724 |
| PubChem ID |
SID:583113 |
| PharmGKB ID |
PA449545 |
| SwissProt ID |
Not Available |
| GenBank ID |
Not Available |
| Drug ID Number [DIN] |
469327
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