Enalapril drug data and news

Enalapril drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.

Generic name Enalapril
Brand Names/Synonyms Bonuten; Enalapril; Enalapril Bp; Enalapril Maleate; Enalapril Richet; Enalaprila [Inn-Spanish]; Enalaprilat; Enalaprilum [Inn-Latin]; Gadopril; Kinfil; Vaseretic; Vasotec
Indication For the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics
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Description Not Available
Pharmacology Enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is a prodrug which, when hydrolyzed by estarases to its active Enalaprilat, is used to treat hypertension and heart failure, to reduce proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and to prevent stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Enalapril and Enalaprilat inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in human subjects and animals. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.
Mechanism Of Action Enalaprilat, the active metabolite of Enalapril, competes with angiotensin I for binding at the angiotensin-converting enzyme, blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II. As angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and a negative-feedback mediator for renin activity, lower concentrations result in a decrease in blood pressure and stimulation of baroreceptor reflex mechanisms, which leads to decreased vasopressor activity and to decreased aldosterone secretion. Enalaprilat may also act on kininase II, an enzyme identical to ACE that degrades the vasodilator bradykinin.
Enalapril News
(When available)

Indian pharma firms bullish on US market  06 Mar 2006
For instance, Wockhardt's bethenecol chloride improved its share of the US market to 44 per cent from 40 per cent in 2004 and in Enalapril, it grew from 20 to ... - Rediff,

Indian Pharma Firms Bullish On US Market  06 Mar 2006
For instance, Worckhardt's bethenecol chloride improved its share of the US market to 44% from 40% in 2004 and in Enalapril, it grew to 26% from 20%. ... - Trading Markets,

Wockhardt wins USFDA nod for Ranitidine OTC version  Feb 27, 2006
It has improved its market shares in two key products in the US in 2005 - Bethanechol chloride to 44% from 40% and Enalapril to 28% from 20%. ... - India Infoline.com,

Wockhardt receives US FDA approval for Ranitidine OTC version  Feb 27, 2006
It has improved its market shares in two key products in the US in 2005- bethanechol chloride to 44 per cent from 40 per cent and enalapril to 28 per cent from ... - domain-B,

Recordati: 2005 Accounts Approved by the Board. Dividend ...  Mar 2, 2006
...approval of a new specialty developed by Recordati for the treatment of hypertension which is based on a fixed combination of lercanidipine and enalapril. ... - PharmaLive.com (press release),

Your research dollars at work  Feb 13, 2006
Derksen has undertaken the task of testing the medication Enalapril for its effectiveness in preventing the formation of scar tissue in the lungs. ... - Thoroughbred Times,

Generic drug prices cost consumers more  Feb 20, 2006
600 percent. A prescription of 30 Enalapril/10 milligrams – a blood pressure medication – costs pharmacies $2.19. The average ... - KTSP.com,

Health | What’s in a name?  Jan 26, 2006
Enalapril is the generic version of Vasotec, for high blood pressure, and metformin is generic for Glucophage, a diabetes medicine. ... - The State,

Loss of taste, smell often tied to high blood pressure, meds  Jan 24, 2006
...to cause taste loss include diuretics (water pills) such as hydrochlorothiazide, and ACE inhibitors such as captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), and ... - Charlotte Observer,

Russian drug subsidies seen favoring Richter, Egis  Dec 4, 2005
...all of Richter’s key drugs are on the revised 2006 DLO list, including all key drugs taken off the list in mid-2005 (notably Cavinton and Enalapril), as well ... - Budapest Business Journal,

The war on cheap drugs is working  Nov 10, 2005
Government is paying 74c. The blood pressure treatment Enalapril sells for 11c per tablet in Germany; we pay 31c. A group of government ... - Daily Telegraph,

Obesity is part of the sentence for prisoners  Nov 12, 2005
...(Trent Nelson/The Salt Lake Tribune ). on medications such as Glipizide, Glucophage, Protonix and Enalapril - all used to treat obesity. ... - Salt Lake Tribune,

Obesity is part of the sentence for prisoners  Nov 12, 2005
In 2004, the Utah Department of Corrections spent more than $80,000 on medications such as Glipizide, Glucophage, Protonix and Enalapril - all used to treat ... - Salt Lake Tribune,

The sky is the limit after 2006 Russian drug list - Citigroup on ...  Nov 25, 2005
Richter's key drugs are all on the 2006 DLO list, including all key drugs taken off the list as at mid-2005 (notably Cavinton and Enalapril) as well as a ... - Portfolio.hu,

Angiotensin Blockade Alone Decreases Albuminuria in Children with ...  Nov 17, 2005
...therapy. The drugs used were enalapril 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg/day, candesartan 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg/day and losartan 0.4 to 1 mg/kg/day. ... - DG News

Utah Prisoners Gain Weight At 3,000 Calories A Day  Nov 13, 2005
In 2004, the Utah Department of Corrections spent more than $80,000 on medications such as Glipizide, Glucophage, Protonix and Enalapril � all used to treat ... - KUTV,

Aging just one cause for loss of taste  Nov 21, 2005
...to cause taste loss include diuretics (water pills) such as hydrochlorothiazide, and ACE inhibitors, such as captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec) and ... - Charleston Post Courier (subscription),

Artery-Opening Drugs Don't Help Valve Problem  Sep 28, 2005
But a study of 95 people with severe aortic regurgitation found that two widely used vasodilators, nifedipine and enalapril, did nothing of the sort. ... - ABC News

Long-Term Vasodilator Therapy in Patients with Severe Aortic ...  Sep 30, 2005
...severe aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular function to receive open-label nifedipine (20 mg every 12 hours), open-label enalapril (20 mg per day ... - New England Journal of Medicine (subscription),

Vasodilators Don't Delay Need for Aortic Valve Replacement  Sep 29, 2005
...for a mean of seven years, and found that the rate of valve replacement was similar among patients who took either nifedipine, Vasotec (enalapril maleate), or ... - MedPage Today,

Benefits of starting CHF treatment with beta-blocker, bisoprolol  Sep 5, 2005
In newly diagnosed patients over age 65 years (mean age 72 years) treatment was either begun with bisoprolol (n=505 ) or enalapril (n=505). ... - News-Medical.net,

ESC: For Heart Failure Initial Therapy, Beta-Blockers Match ACE ...  Sep 5, 2005
Heart Association class II or III) chronic heart failure patients were randomized to either bisoprolol (target dose 10 mg once a day) or enalapril (target dose ... - MedPage Today,

Study Supports New Sequencing of Heart Failure Drugs  Sep 4, 2005
...the reverse order (starting patients with mild- to moderate heart failure on the beta blocker Bisoprolol, then adding the ACE inhibitor Enalapril) was just as ... - HealthCentral.com

Study backs early use of Merck KGaA heart drug  Sep 4, 2005
...showed there were no significant differences in either efficacy or tolerability between patients given Cardicor and those given the ACE inhibitor enalapril. ... - Reuters

Changing heart drug sequence  Sep 5, 2005
...the reverse order (starting patients with mild- to moderate heart failure on the beta blocker bisoprolol, then adding the ACE inhibitor, enalapril) was just as ... - Health24.com,

Strategies to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes  Aug 12, 2005
Clinical evidence supporting this effect has been provided by Morel and coworkers63, who have shown improved insulin sensitivity when enalapril was given for ... - RedNova.com,

Enalapril-Associated Angioedema Risk Greatest Early in Treatment  Jul 26, 2005
NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ, July 26-Although uncommon, enalapril-related angiodema is most likely to occur soon after therapy with the drug begins, researchers here ... - MedPage Today

Wockhardt gets USFDA nod for antibiotic  Aug 5, 2005
As per the latest IMS data, Wockhardt’s market share in bethenechol chloride in the US improved to 37 per cent from 17 per cent and enalapril market share ... - Business Standard

Wockhardt Q2 net up by 54.69%  Jul 19, 2005
Wockhardt's market share in bethanechol chloride improved to 37 per cent from 17 per cent in the US while the market share of enalapril rose to 16 per cent ... - Economic Times

Candesartan Therapy Can Reduce the Risk of Diabetes in Heart ...  Jul 6, 2005
Enalapril reduces the incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). ... - PharmaLive.com (press release)

Function determines structure in the vasculature: lessons from ...  Jul 12, 2005
In one report, the effect of NOS inhibition to induce rarefaction was partially reversible with spironolactone, enalapril, and verapamil (17). ... - AJP-Regul Integr Comp Physiology (subscription) <**results**>

Candesartan Therapy Can Reduce the Risk of Diabetes in Heart ...  Jul 6, 2005
Enalapril reduces the incidence of diabetes in patients with chronic heart failure: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). ... - PharmaLive.com (press release)

Ask Dr. Julie; Weight Loss Key for Steatohepatitis'  Jun 24, 2005
Q. For years, I had been on enalapril for my blood pressure. ... In that case, a logical choice for a new prescription for you would have been enalapril-HCTZ. ... - RedNova.com

Where's the Combo?  Jun 30, 2005
The company also ran an 804-patient trial against enalapril, and saw the same trend, which led to the definitive 18-month trial in 518 black patients (with a ... - Corante

Recordati Establishes a Direct Presence in the United Kingdom ...  Jun 17, 2005
...to launch in the British market the new products currently in our pipeline, such as Zanipress®, a fixed combination of lercanidipine and enalapril for the ... - PharmaLive.com (press release),

Dosage Forms Tablets; IV injection
Drug_Category Antihypertensive Agents; Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors; ATC:C09AA02
Absorption 60%
Interactions Interactions for Enalapril:

Hypotension: Patients on Diuretic Therapy: Patients on diuretics and especially those in whom diuretic therapy was recently instituted, may occasionally experience an excessive reduction of blood pressure after initiation of therapy with enalapril or enalaprilat. The possibility of hypotensive effects with enalapril or enalaprilat can be minimized by either discontinuing the diuretic or increasing the salt intake prior to initiation of treatment with enalapril or enalaprilat. If it is necessary to continue the diuretic, provide close medical supervision after the initial dose for at least two hours and until blood pressure has stabilized for at least an additional hour..

Agents Causing Renin Release: The antihypertensive effect of enalapril and enalapril IV is augmented by antihypertensive agents that cause renin release (e.g., diuretics).

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents: In some patients with compromised renal function who are being treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the co-administration of enalapril may result in a further deterioration of renal function. These effects are usually reversible.

In a clinical pharmacology study, indomethacin or sulindac was administered to hypertensive patients receiving VASOTEC. In this study there was no evidence of a blunting of the antihypertensive action of VASOTEC. However, reports suggest that NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. This interaction should be given consideration in patients taking NSAIDs concomitantly with ACE inhibitors.

Other Cardiovascular Agents: Enalapril and enalapril IV have been used concomitantly with beta adrenergic-blocking agents, methyldopa, nitrates, calcium-blocking agents, hydralazine, prazosin and digoxin without evidence of clinically significant adverse interactions.

Enalapril IV has been used concomitantly with digitalis without evidence of clinically significant adverse reactions.

Agents Increasing Serum Potassium: Enalapril and enalapril IV attenuate potassium loss caused by thiazide-type diuretics. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, or amiloride), potassium supplements, or potassium-containing salt substitutes may lead to significant increases in serum potassium. Therefore, if concomitant use of these agents is indicated because of demonstrated hypokalemia, they should be used with caution and with frequent monitoring of serum potassium. Potassium sparing agents should generally not be used in patients with heart failure receiving enalapril.

Lithium: Lithium toxicity has been reported in patients receiving lithium concomitantly with drugs which cause elimination of sodium, including ACE inhibitors. A few cases of lithium toxicity have been reported in patients receiving concomitant enalapril/enalapril IV and lithium and were reversible upon discontinuation of both drugs. It is recommended that serum lithium levels be monitored frequently if enalapril is administered concomitantly with lithium.

Toxicity hypotension
Organisms Affected Humans and other mammals
Chemical IUPAC Name 1-[2-(1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenyl-propyl)aminopropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Chemical Formula C20H28N2O5
Molecular Weight 376.447 g/mol
Smiles String CCOC(=O)C(CCC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(C)C(=O)N2CCCC2C(=O)O
Melting Point 143-144.5°C
Water Solubility 0.025g/mL
State white to off-white, crystalline powder
LogP/Hphobicity 2.271
Isoelectric Point Not Available
Biotransformation Hepatic
Half Life 11 hours
Protein Binding [%] 20.1 to 89.1%.
RxList Link RXlist
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Drug Reference http://www.drugs.com/cons/Enalapril.html
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/enalap.htm
Drug Type Approved Drug
Accession No APRD00510
CAS Registry Number 75847-73-3
KEGG Compound ID C06977
PubChem ID SID:191211
PharmGKB ID PA449456
SwissProt ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 2019906

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