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Diphenhydramine
drug data and news
Diphenhydramine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Diphenhydramine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Aleryl; Alledryl; Aller-Med; Allerdryl; Allergan; Allergan B; Allergeval; Allergical; Allergin; Allergina; Allergival; Allermax Caplets; Ambodryl; Amidryl; Antistominum; Antitussive; Antomin; Automin; Bagodryl; Banophen; Banophen Caplets; Baramine; Beldin; Belix; Ben-Allergin; Bena; Benachlor; Benadon; Benadrin; Benadryl; Benadryl Allergy; Benadryl Preservative Free; Benapon; Benodin; Benodine; Benylan; Benylin; Benzantine; Benzhydramine; Benzhydraminum; Benzhydril; Benzhydroamina; Benzhydryl; Betramin; Compoz; Dabylen; Debendrin; Dermistina; Dermodrin; Desentol; Diabenyl; Diabylen; Dibendrin; Dibenil; Dibondrin; Difedryl; Difenhydramin; Difenidramina; Dihidral; Dimedrol; Dimedryl; Diphantine; Diphen; Diphen Cough; Diphenhist; Diphenhist Captabs; Diphenhydramine; Diphenhydramine Base; Diphenhydramine Hcl; Diphenhydramine Hcl Preservative Free; Diphenhydramine Salicylate; Diphenylhydramine; Dormarex 2; Dryistan; Drylistan; Dylamon; Etanautine; Genahist; Histaxin; Hyadrine; Hydramine; Hyrexin; Ibiodral; Medidryl; Mephadryl; Nausen; Nervine Nighttime Sleep-Aid; Novamina; Nytol Quickcaps; Nytol Quickgels; PM 255; Probedryl; Restamin; Restamine; Rigidil; Rigidyl; S 51; Siladryl; Silphen; Sleep-Eze D; Sleep-Eze D Extra Strength; Sominex; Soverin; Syntedril; Syntodril; Torinal; Twilite Caplets; Unisom Sleepgels Maximum Strength; Vena; Vicks Formula 44 | ||
| Indication | For the treatment of symptoms associated with Vertigo/Meniere's disease, nausea and vomiting, motion sickness and insect bite | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine of the ethanolamine class. Ethanolamine antihistamines have significant antimuscarinic activity and produce marked sedation in most patients. In addition to the usual allergic symptoms, the drug also treats irritant cough and nausea, vomiting, and vertigo associated with motion sickness. It also is used commonly to treat drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms as well as to treat mild cases of Parkinson's disease. Rather than preventing the release of histamine, as do cromolyn and nedocromil, Diphenhydramine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. Diphenhydramine competitively antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. Ethanolamine derivatives have greater anticholinergic activity than do other antihistamines, which probably accounts for the antidyskinetic action of Diphenhydramine. This anticholinergic action appears to be due to a central antimuscarinic effect, which also may be responsible for its antiemetic effects, although the exact mechanism is unknown. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Diphenhydramine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. | ||
| Diphenhydramine News (When available) |
Long-term risks of prednisone 06 Mar 2006 Sleep treatments rise to the occasion Feb 26, 2006 Bad heroin suspected in South Haven overdose Feb 16, 2006 FDA Joins Investigation of Infants’ Deaths Believed to Have Been ... Feb 26, 2006 New Guidelines Say Cough Medicines Don’t Help Feb 8, 2006 When Abroad, Beware of Drug Name Confusion Feb 8, 2006 On Call: Treating respiratory syncytial virus Feb 3, 2006 Sniffing? Sneezing? Think twice before medicating Feb 3, 2006 Risk of Serious Harm and/or Death With Potential IV/SC ... Feb 15, 2006 Coping with coughing Feb 15, 2006 Need help surfing cold and flu medicines? Feb 1, 2006 | ||
| Dosage Forms | CAPSULE; Oral SOLUTION; TABLET; Tablet Chewable; Tablet film-coated; ELIXIR; Injection; CREAM; Gel; Topical Solution; Topical Stick | ||
| Drug_Category | Histamine H1 Antagonists; Anti-allergic Agents; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Antitussives; Antipruritics; Antiparkinson Agents; Antidyskinetics; Antiemetics; Anesthetics; Ethanolamine Derivatives; ATC:D04AA32; ATC:D04AA33; ATC:R06AA02 | ||
| Absorption | Quickly absorbed with maximum activity occurring in approximately one hour | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Diphenhydramine: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride has additive effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants (hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers, etc). MAO inhibitors prolong and intensify the anticholinergic (drying) effects of antihistamines. | ||
| Toxicity | LD50=500 mg/kg (Orally in rats) | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 2-benzhydryloxy-N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine | ||
| Chemical Formula | C17H21NO | ||
| Molecular Weight | 255.355 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CN(C)CCOC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2 | ||
| Melting Point | 166-170 °C | ||
| Water Solubility | 1 g/ml | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 3.753 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 8.98 | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic and renal | ||
| Half Life | 1-4 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 98 to 99% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Diphenhydramine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/dihydram.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00587 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 58-73-1 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C06960 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:270949 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA449349 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2244203 |
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