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Dexmedetomidine
drug data and news
Dexmedetomidine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Dexmedetomidine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Dexmedetomidine; Medetomidina [Spanish]; Medetomidine; Medetomidinum [Latin]; PRECEDEX; Precedex | ||
| Indication | For sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting, also used in pain relief; anxiety reduction and analgesia | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Dexmedetomidine activates 2-adrenoceptors, and causes the decrease of sympathetic tone, with attenuation of the neuroendocrine and hemodynamic responses to anesthesia and surgery; it reduces anesthetic and opioid requirements; and causes sedation and analgesia. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Dexmedetomidine is a specific and selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. By binding to the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors, it inhibits the release if norepinephrine, therefore, terminate the propagation of pain signals. Avtivation of the postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors inhibits the sympathetic activity decreases blood pressure and heart rate. | ||
| Dexmedetomidine News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | Not Available | ||
| Drug_Category | Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Hypnotics and Sedatives; ATC:C02A | ||
| Absorption | Not Available | ||
| Interactions |
-->Interactions for Dexmedetomidine: General In vitro studies in human liver microsomes demonstrated no evidence of cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions that are likely to be of clinical relevance. Anesthetics/Sedatives/Hypnotics/Opioids Co-administration of PRECEDEX with anesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, and opioids is likely to lead to an enhancement of effects. Specific studies have confirmed these effects with sevoflurane, isoflurane, propofol, alfentanil, and midazolam. No pharmacokinetic interactions between dexmedetomidine and isoflurane, propofol, alfentanil, and midazolam have been demonstrated. However, due to possible pharmacodynamic interactions, when co-administered with PRECEDEX, a reduction in dosage of PRECEDEX on the concomitant anesthetic, sedative, hypnotic or opioid may be required. Neuromuscular Blockers In one study of 10 healthy volunteers, administration of PRECEDEX for 45 minutes at a plasma concentration of 1 (one) ng/mL resulted in no clinically meaningful increases in the magnitude or neuromuscular blockade associated with rocuronium administration. | ||
| Toxicity | Not Available | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-3H-imidazole | ||
| Chemical Formula | C13H16N2 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 200.28 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(C)C2=CN=CN2)C | ||
| Melting Point | Not Available | ||
| Water Solubility | Freely soluble in water | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 3.001 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 7.1 | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic | ||
| Half Life | 2 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 94% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/precedex.htm http://www.pharmgkb.org/views/index.jsp?objId= | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00578 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 113775-47-6 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07450 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:9653 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA449256 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | Not Available |
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