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Codeine
drug data and news
Codeine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Codeine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | CCRIS 7555; Codeine; Codeine Anhydrous; Codeine Base [D.D]; Codeine [Anhydrous]; Codicept; Coducept; HSDB 3043; L-Codeine; Methylmorphine; Morphine Monomethyl Ether; Norcodeine, N-Methyl; Norcodine, N-Methyl | ||
| Indication | For treatment and management of pain (Systemic), also used as an Antidiarrheal and as a cough suppressant. | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Codeine, an opiate agonist in the CNS, is similar to other phenanthrene derivatives such as morphine. Codeine, in combination with guaifenesin or iodinated glycerol, is used as a cough suppressant and, as a single agent or in combination with acetaminophen or other products, is used for pain control and as an antidiarrheal agent. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin and glucagon. Codeine's analgesic activity is, most likely, due to its conversion to morphine. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability. | ||
| Codeine News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | oral solution, tablets | ||
| Drug_Category | Narcotics; Antitussives; Analgesics; Opiate Agonists; ATC:N02AA08; ATC:R05DA04 | ||
| Absorption | well absorbed | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Codeine: Codeine in combination with other narcotic analgesics, general anesthetics, phenothiazines, tranquilizers, sedative-hypnotics, or other CNS depressants (including alcohol) has additive depressant effects. When s.c. combination therapy is contemplated, the dosage of one or both agents should be reduced. | ||
| Toxicity | Respiratory depression, sedation and miosis and common symptoms of overdose. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, skeletal muscle flaccidity, bradycardia, hypotension, and cool, clammy skin. Apnea and death may ensue | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | (5(,6()-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-ol | ||
| Chemical Formula | C18H21NO3 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 299.364 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CN1CCC23C4C1CC5=C2C(=C(C=C5)OC)OC3C(C=C4)O | ||
| Melting Point | 154 - 156 °C | ||
| Water Solubility | <0.1 g/100 mL | ||
| State | solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 1.809 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 8.21 | ||
| Biotransformation | hepatic | ||
| Half Life | 2-4 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 7-25% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Codeine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/codphos.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00120 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 76-57-3 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C06174 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:149398 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | Not Available | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 593451 |
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