Chloroquine drug data and news

Chloroquine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.

Generic name Chloroquine
Brand Names/Synonyms 3377 RP; 3377 RP opalate; Amokin; Aralen; Aralen HCl; Arechin; Arthrochin; Artrichin; Avlochlor; Avloclor; Bemaco; Bemaphate; Bemasulph; Benaquin; Bipiquin; Capquin; Chemochin; Chingamin; Chloraquine; Chlorochin; Chlorochine; Chloroquina; Chloroquine; Chloroquine Phosphate; Chloroquinium; Chlorquin; Cidanchin; Clorochina; Cocartrit; Delagil; Dichinalex; Elestol; Gontochin; Heliopar; Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate; Imagon; Iroquine; Klorokin; Lapaquin; Malaquin; Malaren; Malarex; Mesylith; Neochin; Nivachine; Nivaquine; Nivaquine B; Nivaquine [as sulfate]; Pfizerquine; Plaquenil; Quinachlor; Quinagamin; Quinagamine; Quinercyl; Quingamine; Quinilon; Quinoscan; RP 3377; Resochen; Resochin; Resoquina; Resoquine; Reumachlor; Reumaquin; Roquine; SN 6718; SN 7618; Sanoquin; Silbesan; Siragan; Solprina; Sopaquin; Tanakan; Tresochin; Trochin; W 7618; WIN 244; Chloroquine (VAN)
Indication For the suppressive treatment and for acute attacks of malaria due to P. vivax, P.malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum, Second-line agent in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Description Not Available
Pharmacology Chloroquine is the prototype anti malarial drug, most widely used to treat all types of malaria except for disease caused by chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum. It is highly effective against erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae, sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum and gametocytes of Plasmodium vivax. Being alkaline, the drug reaches high concentration within the food vacuoles of the parasite and raises its pH. It is found to induce rapid clumping of the pigment. Chloroquine inhibits the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemazoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite. It may also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids.
Mechanism Of Action The mechanism of plasmodicidal action of chloroquine is not completely certain. Like other quinoline derivatives, it is thought to inhibit heme polymerase activity. This results in accumulation of free heme, which is toxic to the parasites.
Chloroquine News
(When available)

Adding Chloroquine to Conventional Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy ...  06 Mar 2006
Physicians. The summary below is from the full report titled "Adding Chloroquine to Conventional Treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme. ... - Annals of Internal Medicine

Indians isolate anti-malarial compounds  06 Mar 2006
The compound, NIO-2, also had activity against chloroquine resistant strain of malaria parasite — W2Mef, it said adding this molecule has been tested for ... - Daily News & Analysis,

Killer Number One: The fight against malaria, IRIN-In-Depth  Mar 5, 2006
...pernicious parasite that has developed a significant resistance to two of the cheapest and formerly most effective antimalarials: chloroquine and sulfadoxine ... - Political Affairs Magazine,

New malaria treatment out  Mar 3, 2006
...said the switch to coartem, a first fixed-dose combination of artemether and lumefantrine, follows increased malaria parasite resistance to chloroquine/fansidar ... - New Vision,

The New Malaria Drug Policy  Feb 28, 2006
When the Ministry of Health came out with a policy to replace chloroquine with another anti-malaria drug as the first line treatment of uncomplicated malaria ... - Daily Graphic,

Drug Watch  Mar 2, 2006
It is effective against the crythrocytic stages of all four species of plasmodium falcipanim even as it is as effective as chloroquine against chloroquine ... - AllAfrica.com,

Pending issues on policy change  Mar 1, 2006
Five years ago, the government changed the first line malaria treatment from chloroquine to sulfa-pyrimethamine combinations against the advice of many ... - Standard,

Recognition of herbal medicine not enough  Feb 27, 2006
...said ever since the European missionaries developed the quinine from the Cinchona tree in the 17th Century and the US Military introducing Chloroquine in 1943 ... - News in Ghana,

Health advocates: Don't stop at sunscreen  Mar 2, 2006
According to the CDC, travelers can increase their chances of escaping the disease by taking chloroquine, a malaria prevention medication. ... - Marquette Tribune,

New Malaria Drug Free  Feb 22, 2006
The new drug, which falls under the newly- adopted Artemisinin-based combination treatments, is to replace chloroquine and fansidar as a first line treatment ... - AllAfrica.com,

Add new comment  Feb 19, 2006
...killed. In certain regions, however, the parasites have developed resistance to certain antimalarial drugs, particularly chloroquine. ... - Solomon Star,

For Methotrexate-Refractory RA, Try Again  Feb 24, 2006
...first and second treatment for other DMARDs analyzed in the study, which mainly included Azulfidine (sulfasalazine) and Aralen (chloroquine), the investigators ... - MedPage Today,

Malaria awareness drive must in Koraput  Feb 21, 2006
...quacks, he said. Often, people take four tablets of chloroquine on the advice of quacks and medicine shop employees. But this would ... - The Statesman,

Feb. 27 - MIP Seminar: ‘Drug Discovery for Malaria, a Novel ...  Feb 22, 2006
Increasing worldwide resistance of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) to traditional chemotherapy strategies such as chloroquine and mefloquine demonstrates the urgent ... - CSU e-comment,

Multi-component drug delivery system: An emerging trend  Feb 8, 2006
Saharan Africa. The resistance to chloroquine has brought the efforts to control malaria in the region to a stand still. The resistance ... - Express Pharma Pulse,

Vaccine Development Costs Dm500  Feb 21, 2006
Being a killer disease, Professor Corrah said MRC thought it wise to prioritise research on malaria, as Chloroquine resistance continues to raise its ugly head ... - AllAfrica.com,

Have a healthy holiday  Feb 19, 2006
Also bear in mind that some strains of malaria are becoming increasingly resistant to common prophylaxis (especially chloroquine on its own), so it’s ... - iAfrica.com,

Now, head for forests without malaria scare  Feb 19, 2006
In contrast, 20 people in a controlled group of 100 tourists who either did not use the kit or took prophylactic chloroquine before visiting the forests died ... - Newindpress,

Old drugs find novel anti-cancer applications  Feb 14, 2006
Drugs like Chloroquine, a standard in the treatment of malaria, are also showing promise in cancer cells that undergo autophagy – or self-digestion in order ... - Xagena.it,

Zambia: Cause for optimism in malaria battle  Feb 2, 2006
Figures showing that malaria cases are already decreasing in Zambia can be attributed in large part to the replacement of chloroquine as the primary drug for ... - ReliefWeb (press release),

first line of malaria treatment  Feb 7, 2006
Dr Rwakimari said that out of 100 patients using chloroquine and SP, only 85 were responding successfully to the treatment and getting cured, while 15 per cent ... - East African,

Health bureau states medical claim limits for Taiwanese tourists  Feb 3, 2006
The Bureau of Health Promotion announced yesterday they will provide free anti-malaria medicine, Chloroquine, to those passengers who are planning to travel to ... - eTaiwan News,

Plaquenil for Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis  Feb 18, 2006
...or willing to use two methods of contraception at least one of which is not a hypersensitivity to 4-aminoquinolone compounds (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine ... - Community Dispatch (press release)

Fansidar to be replaced by Dec  Feb 3, 2006
In Malawi, it can be found in clinics and hospitals and is a simple drug that can be given like Chloroquine single dosages according to weight. ... - Malawi's Daily Times,

Manjasi took bullying to an ugly level  Feb 18, 2006
Apparently, he had mixed all tribes of bitter drugs including PenV, Chloroquine, and Quinine and forced them down my throat just because I had not given him ... - The Monitor, Uganda,

Health Ministry Imports Stronger Malaria Drug  Feb 3, 2006
Coartem, the first fixed-dose combination of artemether and lumefantrine, is the first line treatment against malaria, replacing chloroquine and fansidar. - AllAfrica.com,

Prices of 112 formulations reduced  Feb 1, 2006
Price reductions have been effected in respect of derivative formulations of the bulk drugs namely, ibuprofen (pain killer), chloroquine (anti-malarial ... - Financial Express,

NPPA Fixes/Revises Prices Of Bulk Drugs And Formulations  Feb 1, 2006
...reduction in the prices has been taken place in respect of derivative formulations of the bulk drugs namely, Ibuprofen (Pain Killer), Chloroquine (Anti-Malarial ... - Indlaw.com,

NPPA reduces prices of 112 formulations  Feb 1, 2006
Price reductions have been effected in respect of derivative formulations of the bulk drugs namely, Ibuprofen, Chloroquine, Cloxacillin, Theophylline & ... - India Infoline.com,

Rwanda :Malaria Infection Linked to Rampant Poverty  Feb 2, 2006
The National Malaria Control Programme in cooperation with WHO has also found that 41% of malaria cases are resistant to Chloroquine. ... - African News Dimension,

Dosage Forms TABLET
Drug_Category Antirheumatic Agents; Antimalarials; Amebicides; ATC:P01BA01; ATC:P01BA02
Absorption Completely absorbed from gastrointestinal tract
Interactions Interactions for Chloroquine: Antacids and kaolin: Antacids and kaolin can reduce absorption of chloroquine; an interval of at least 4 hours between intake of these agents and chloroquine should be observed. Cimetidine: Cimetidine can inhibit the metabolism of chloroquine, increasing its plasma level. Concomitant use of cimetidine should be avoided. Ampicillin: In a study of healthy volunteers, chloroquine significantly reduced the bioavailability of ampicillin. An interval of at least two hours between intake of this agent and chloroquine should be observed. Cyclosporin: After introduction of chloroquine (oral form), a sudden increase in serum cyclosporin level has been reported. Therefore, close monitoring of serum cyclosporin level is recommended and, if necessary, chloroquine should be discontinued.
Toxicity Not Available
Organisms Affected Humans and other mammals
Chemical IUPAC Name N'-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N,N-diethyl-pentane-1,4-diamine
Chemical Formula C18H26ClN3
Molecular Weight 319.872 g/mol
Smiles String CCN(CC)CCCC(C)NC1=C2C=CC(=CC2=NC=C1)Cl
Melting Point 289 °C
Water Solubility 10.6 mg/L
State Solid
LogP/Hphobicity 4.474
Isoelectric Point 10.1
Biotransformation Hepatic (partially)
Half Life 1-2 months
Protein Binding [%] ~55% of the drug in the plasma is bound to nondiffusible plasma constituents
RxList Link RXlist
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Drug Reference http://www.drugs.com/cons/Chloroquine.html
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/hquine2.htm
Drug Type Approved Drug
Accession No APRD00468
CAS Registry Number 54-05-7
KEGG Compound ID C07625
PubChem ID SID:9827
PharmGKB ID PA448948
SwissProt ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 21261

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