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Buprenorphine
drug data and news
Buprenorphine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Buprenorphine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Buprenex; Buprenophine; Buprenorfina [Inn-Spanish]; Buprenorphine; Buprenorphine Hcl; BuprenorphineĘ; Buprenorphinum [Inn-Latin]; RX 6029M; Subutex; Temgesic | ||
| Indication | For the treatment of moderate to severe pain, peri-operative analgesia, and opioid dependence. | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Buprenorphine is a synthetic opioid analgesic and thebaine derivative, with a longer duration of action than morphine. Buprenorphine interacts predominately with the opioid mu-receptor. These mu-binding sites are discretely distributed in the human brain, spinal cord, and other tissues. In clinical settings, buprenorphine exerts its principal pharmacologic effects on the central nervous system. Its primary actions of therapeutic value are analgesia and sedation. Buprenorphine may increase the patient's tolerance for pain and decrease the perception of suffering, although the presence of the pain itself may still be recognized. In addition to analgesia, alterations in mood, euphoria and dysphoria, and drowsiness commonly occur. Buprenorphine depresses the respiratory centers, depresses the cough reflex, and constricts the pupils. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Buprenorphine's analgesic effect is due to partial agonist activity at mu-opioid receptors. Buprenorphine is also a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist. The partial agonist activity means that opioid receptor antagonists (e.g., an antidote such as naloxone) only partially reverse the effects of buprenorphine. The binding to the mu and kappa receptors results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability. | ||
| Buprenorphine News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | TABLET (SUBLINGUAL) | ||
| Drug_Category | Narcotics; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotic Antagonists; ATC:N02AE01; ATC:N07BC01 | ||
| Absorption | 31% bioavailability (sublingual) | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Buprenorphine: Buprenorphine is metabolized to norbuprenorphine by cytochrome CYP 3A4. Because CYP 3A4 inhibitors may increase plasma concentrations of buprenorphine, patients already on CYP 3A4 inhibitors such as azole antifungals (e.g. ketoconazole), macrolide antibiotics (e.g. erythromycin), and HIV protease inhibitors (e.g. ritonavir, indi-navir and saquinavir) should have their dose of SUBUTEX or SUBOXONE adjusted. Based on anecdotal reports, there may be an interaction between buprenorphine and benzodiazepines. There have been a number of reports in the post-marketing experience of coma and death associated with the concomitant intravenous misuse of buprenorphine and benzodiazepines by addicts. In many of these cases, buprenorphine was misused by self-injection of crushed SUBUTEX tablets. SUBUTEX and SUBOXONE should be prescribed with caution to patients on benzodiazepines or other drugs that act on the central nervous system, regardless of whether these drugs are taken on the advice of a physician or are taken as drugs of abuse. Patients should be warned of the potential danger of the intravenous self-administration of benzodiazepines while under treatment with SUBOXONE or SUBUTEX. | ||
| Toxicity | Manifestations of acute overdose include pinpoint pupils, sedation, hypotension, respiratory depression and death. | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | Not Available | ||
| Chemical Formula | C29H41NO4 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 467.64 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC(C)(C)C(C)(C1CC23CCC1(C4C25CCN(C3CC6=C5C(=C(C=C6)O)O4)CC7CC7)OC)O | ||
| Melting Point | Not Available | ||
| Water Solubility | Not Available | ||
| State | Solid (white powder) | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | 5.096 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 8.31 | ||
| Biotransformation | Hepatic. Buprenorphine undergoes both N-dealkylation to norbuprenorphine and glucuronidation. The N-dealkylation pathway is mediated by cytochrome P-450 3A4 isozyme. Norbuprenorphine, an active metabolite, can further undergo glucuronidation. | ||
| Half Life | 37 hours | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 96% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Buprenorphine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/suboxone.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00670 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 52485-79-7 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C08007 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:181274 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA448685 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | Not Available |
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