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Amifostine
drug data and news
Amifostine drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Amifostine | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | A5922; Amifostine; Amifostine Ethiofos; Amifostine [Usan:Ban:Inn]; Aminopropylaminoethyl Thiophosphate; Apaetp; CHEMBANK1693; Ethiofos; Ethyol; Gammaphos; SAPEP; WR 2721; WR 2721C | ||
| Indication | For reduction in the cumulative renal toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer (using cisplatin) and moderate to severe xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Amifostine is an organic thiophosphate cytoprotective agent indicated to reduce the cumulative renal toxicity associated with repeated administration of cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer or non-small cell lung cancer and also to reduce the incidence of moderate to severe xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Amifostine is a prodrug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues to a pharmacologically active free thiol metabolite, believed to be responsible for the reduction of the cumulative renal toxicity of cisplatin and for the reduction of the toxic effects of radiation on normal oral tissues. Healthy cells are preferentially protected because amifostine and metabolites are present in healthy cells at 100-fold greater concentrations than in tumour cells. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | The thiol metabolite is responsible for most of the cytoprotective and radioprotective properties of amifostine. It is readily taken up by cells where it binds to and detoxifies reactive metabolites of platinum and alkylating agents as well as scavenges free radicals. Other possible effects include inhibition of apoptosis, alteration of gene expression and modification of enzyme activity. | ||
| Amifostine News (When available) |
Amifostine makes radiation more effective Mar 1, 2006 Study: Amifostine boosts radiation therapy Mar 1, 2006 Subcutaneous Amifostine Feasible During Radiotherapy for Head and ... Mar 1, 2006 Drug Improves Radiation Side Effects Mar 1, 2006 Ethyol Benefits Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy Mar 3, 2006 MedImmune Reports 2005 Financial Results Feb 2, 2006 Nanoparticle shows promise in reducing radiation side effects Jan 21, 2006 MedImmune Reports 2005 Financial Results Feb 2, 2006 Nanotech May Also Minimize Chemo Damage Dec 2, 2005 Fullerenes can help fend off damage to normal tissue from ... Nov 28, 2005 Nano World: Nano-based antiradiation drug Nov 29, 2005 In vivo Evaluation of Radioprotection by the Fullerene CD60_DF1 ... Nov 19, 2005 Nanoparticle may Reduce Radiation Side Effects Nov 20, 2005 Ethyol® Decreases Xerostomia Without Increasing Recurrences ... Nov 28, 2005 Ethyol® Improves Dry Mouth Without Affecting Survival in Head and ... Nov 14, 2005 Older Women Who Receive Pelvic Radiation at Risk for Pelvic ... Nov 22, 2005 Ethyol® Allows Greater Tolerability of Chemotherapy in Head and ... Sep 27, 2005 Ethyol® Allows Greater Tolerability of Chemotherapy in Head and ... Sep 29, 2005 Oncologic Committee To Meet Nov. 8 On Accelerated Approval ... Oct 7, 2005 Old Drug May Find New Use Against Side Effect of Cancer Treatment Jul 23, 2005 New drug to enhance platinum treatment efficacy - 20th July 2005 Jul 20, 2005 MedImmune Reports 2005 Second Quarter and Six-Month Financial ... Jul 21, 2005 MedImmune Reports 2005 Second Quarter and Six-Month Financial ... Jul 21, 2005 Old Drug May Find New Use Against Side Effect of Cancer Treatment Jul 18, 2005 New drug to enhance platinum treatment efficacy - 20th July 2005 Jul 20, 2005 MedImmune Reports 2005 Second Quarter and Six-Month Financial ... Jul 21, 2005 MedImmune Reports 2005 Second Quarter and Six-Month Financial ... Jul 21, 2005 MedImmune Reports Financial Results for First Quarter 2005 Apr 21, 2005 | ||
| Dosage Forms | POWDER FOR SOLUTION | ||
| Drug_Category | Radiation-Protective Agents; Unclassified Therapeutic Agents (92:00.00); ATC:V03AF05 | ||
| Absorption | Not Available | ||
| Interactions |
-->Interactions for Amifostine: Special consideration should be given to the administration of ETHYOL® in patients receiving antihypertensive medications or other drugs that could cause or potentiate hypotension. | ||
| Toxicity | Rat LD50: 826 mg/kg | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | 2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylsulfanylphosphonicacid | ||
| Chemical Formula | C5H15N2O3PS | ||
| Molecular Weight | 214.224 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | C(CN)CNCCSP(=O)(O)O | ||
| Melting Point | Not Available | ||
| Water Solubility | 1000 mg/mL | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | Not Available | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Amifostine is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues primarily to the active free thiol metabolite and, subsequently, to a less active disulfide metabolite. | ||
| Half Life | 8 minutes | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | Not Available | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Amifostine.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/amifostine.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00021 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 20537-88-6 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C06819 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:63249 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA448365 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 2218054 |
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