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Ambenonium
drug data and news
Ambenonium drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Ambenonium | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Ambenonium; Ambenonium Base; Ambenonium Kation; Ambenonium [Usan]; Ambenonum; CHEMBANK2927; Mytelase | ||
| Indication | Ambenonium is used to treat muscle weakness due to muscle disease (myasthenia gravis). | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Ambenonium, similar to pyridostigmine and neostigmine, is used for the treatment of muscle weakness and fatigue in people with myasthenia gravis. It is postulated to exert its therapeutic effect by enhancing cholinergic function by inhibiting the hydrolysis of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase. Increased levels of acetylcholine has peripheral effects, as acetylcholine is also used in the brain, where it tends to cause excitatory actions. The glands that receive impulses from the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system are also stimulated in the same way. This is why an increase in acetylcholine causes a decreased heart rate and increased production of saliva. Ambenonium is used less commonly than neostigmine or pyridostigmine but may be preferred in patients hypersensitive to the bromide ion. Ambenonium produces fewer muscarinic side effects than neostigmine, but more than pyridostigmine. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | Ambenonium exerts its actions against myasthenia gravis by competitive, reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The disease myasthenia gravis occurs when the body inappropriately produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits proper acetylcholine signal transmission (when acetylcholine binds to acetylcholine receptors of striated muscle fibers, it stimulates those fibers to contract). Ambenonium reversibly binds acetylcholinesterase, and as acetylcholinesterase is responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, this inhibition increases levels of acetylcholine. In turn this facilitates transmission of impulses across the myoneural junction and effectively treats the disease. | ||
| Ambenonium News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | TABLET (10 mg) | ||
| Drug_Category | Antiarrhythmic Agents; Antimyasthenics; ATC:N07AA30 | ||
| Absorption | Oral - poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Ambenonium: Interactions can occur with the following medications: demecarium (Humorsol), echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide), isoflurophate (Floropryl), malathion (using these medicines with antimyasthenics may result in serious side effects), guanadrel (Hylorel), guanethidine (Ismelin), mecamylamine (Inversine), procainamide (Pronestyl), and trimethaphan (the effects of these medicines may interfere with the actions of the antimyasthenics). | ||
| Toxicity | Mouse, oral LD50: 150±44 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include muscle twitching, weakness and paralysis of voluntary muscles including the tongue, shoulders, neck and arms, blood pressure increase (with or without a slowing of heart rate), a sensation of internal trembling, severe anxiety, and panic. Death may occur rapidly if untreated. | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | (2-chlorophenyl)methyl-[2-[2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-diethyl-ammonio]ethylcarbamoylformyl]aminoethyl]-diethyl-ammonium | ||
| Chemical Formula | C28H42Cl2N4O2 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 537.564 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC[N+](CC)(CCNC(=O)C(=O)NCC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1Cl)CC2=CC=CC=C2Cl | ||
| Melting Point | 196-199 °C | ||
| Water Solubility | Soluble | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | Not Available | ||
| Isoelectric Point | Not Available | ||
| Biotransformation | Plasma and hepatic | ||
| Half Life | Not Available | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | Not Available | ||
| RxList Link | Not Available>RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference | http://www.drugs.com/cons/Ambenonium.html | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00771 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 7648-98-8 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C07773 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:9975 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA448362 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | Not Available |
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