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Acetazolamide
drug data and news
Acetazolamide drug data, resources, and news articles (when available). Onconews.org provides news on cancer research. This section, which includes profiles on medicines that may or not be cancer-related is in beta form. If things run smoothly we will be releasing a new format late in the summer of 2006.
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| Generic name | Acetazolamide | ||
| Brand Names/Synonyms | Acetamidothiadiazolesulfonamide; Acetamox; Acetazolam; Acetazolamid; Acetazolamide; Acetazolamide Sodium; Acetazolamine; Acetazoleamide; Acetozalamide; Ak-Zol; Apo-Acetazolamide; Atenezol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor 6063; Cidamex; Dazamide; Defiltran; Dehydratin; Diacarb; Diakarb; Diamox; Diamox Sequels; Didoc; Diluran; Diuramid; Diureticum-Holzinger; Diuriwas; Diutazol; Donmox; Duiramid; Edemox; Eumicton; Fonurit; Glaupax; Glupax; Natrionex; Nephramid; Nephramide; Phonurit; Sk-Acetazolamide; Storzolamide; Vetamox | ||
| Indication | For adjunctive treatment of: edema due to congestive heart failure; drug-induced edema; centrencephalic epilepsies; chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma | ||
| Sponsored links | Description | Not Available | |
| Pharmacology | Acetazolamide is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, effective in the control of fluid secretion, in the treatment of certain convulsive disorders and in the promotion of diuresis in instances of abnormal fluid retention. Acetazolamide is not a mercurial diuretic. Rather, it is a nonbacteriostatic sulfonamide possessing a chemical structure and pharmacological activity distinctly different from the bacteriostatic sulfonamides. | ||
| Mechanism Of Action | The anticonvulsant activity of Acetazolamide may depend on a direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, which decreases carbon dioxide tension in the pulmonary alveoli, thus increasing arterial oxygen tension. The diuretic effect depends on the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase, causing a reduction in the availability of hydrogen ions for active transport in the renal tubule lumen. This leads to alkaline urine and an increase in the excretion of bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, and water. | ||
| Acetazolamide News (When available) |
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| Dosage Forms | TABLET | ||
| Drug_Category | Diuretics; Anticonvulsants; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; ATC:S01EC01 | ||
| Absorption | Not Available | ||
| Interactions |
Interactions for Acetazolamide: (see WARNlNGS). DIAMOX®. modifies phenytoin metabolism with increased serum levels of phenytoin. This may increase or enhance the occurrence of osteomalacia in some patients receiving chronic phenytoin therapy. Caution is advised in patients receiving chronic concomitant therapy. By decreasing the gastrointestinal absorption of primidone, DIAMOX may decrease serum concentrations of primidone and its metabolites, with a consequent possible decrease in anticonvulsant effect. Caution is advised when beginning, discontinuing, or changing the dose of DIAMOX in patients receiving primidone. Because of possible additive effects with other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, concomitant use is not advisable. Acetazolamide may increase the effects of other folic acid antagonists. Acetazolamide may increase or decrease blood glucose levels. Consideration should be taken in patients being treated with antidiabetic agents. Acetazolamide decreases urinary excretion of amphetamine and may enhance the magnitude and duration of their effect. Acetazolamide reduces urinary excretion of quinidine and may enhance its effect. Acetazolamide may prevent the urinary antiseptic effect of methenamine. Acetazolamide increases lithium excretion and the lithium may be decreased. Acetazolamide and sodium bicarbonate used concurrently increases the risk of renal calculus formation. Acetazolamide may elevate cyclosporine levels. | ||
| Toxicity | Not Available | ||
| Organisms Affected | Humans and other mammals | ||
| Chemical IUPAC Name | N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethanamide | ||
| Chemical Formula | C4H6N4O3S2 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 222.248 g/mol | ||
| Smiles String | CC(=O)NC1=NN=C(S1)S(=O)(=O)N | ||
| Melting Point | 260.5 °C | ||
| Water Solubility | 980 mg/L | ||
| State | Solid | ||
| LogP/Hphobicity | -0.224 | ||
| Isoelectric Point | 7.2 | ||
| Biotransformation | Not Available | ||
| Half Life | Not Available | ||
| Protein Binding [%] | 98% | ||
| RxList Link | RXlist | ||
| Sponsored links | |||
| Drug Reference |
http://www.drugs.com/cons/Acetazolamide.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/aceta.htm | ||
| Drug Type | Approved Drug | ||
| Accession No | APRD00119 | ||
| CAS Registry Number | 59-66-5 | ||
| KEGG Compound ID | C06805 | ||
| PubChem ID | SID:9024 | ||
| PharmGKB ID | PA448018 | ||
| SwissProt ID | Not Available | ||
| GenBank ID | Not Available | ||
| Drug ID Number [DIN] | 545015 |
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