Vistide: profile and news

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Other information

Indication
For the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Pharmacology
Cidofovir is a new anti-viral drug. It is classified as a nucleotide analogue and is active against herpes cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis infection. Most adults are infected with CMV. Cidofovir suppresses cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. Biochemical data support selective inhibition of CMV DNA polymerase by cidofovir diphosphate, the active intracellular metabolite of cidofovir. Cidofovir diphosphate inhibits herpesvirus polymerases at concentrations that are 8- to 600-fold lower than those needed to inhibit human cellular DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma(1,2,3). Incorporation of cidofovir into the growing viral DNA chain results in reductions in the rate of viral DNA synthesis.

Mechanism Of Action
Cidofovir acts through the selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.

Drug Category
Anti-HIV Agents; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; Antivirals; Antineoplastic Agents; ATC:J05AB12

Brand Names/Synonyms
CDV; Cidofovir; Cidofovir Anhydrous; GS 0504; GS504; HPMPC; HSDB 7115; Vistide

Dosage Forms
parenteral

Absorption
100%

Interactions
Interactions for Cidofovir:

Probenecid : Probenecid is known to interact with the metabolism or renal tubular excretion of many drugs (e.g., acetaminophen, acyclovir, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, aminosalicylic acid, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, bumetanide, clofibrate, methotrexate, famotidine, furosemide, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, theophylline, and zidovudine). Concomitant medications should be carefully assessed. Zidovudine should either be temporarily discontinued or decreased by 50% when coadministered with probenecid on the day of VISTIDE infusion.

Nephrotoxic agents : Concomitant administration of VISTIDE and agents with nephrotoxic potential [e.g., intravenous aminoglycosides (e.g., tobramycin, gentamicin, and amikacin), amphotericin B, foscarnet, intravenous pentamidine, vancomycin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents] is contraindicated. Such agents must be discontinued at least seven days prior to starting therapy with VISTIDE.

Chemical IUPAC Name
[1-[(4-amino-2-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-1-yl)methyl]-2-hydroxy-ethoxy]methylphosphonicacid

Chemical Formula
C8H14N3O6P

Half Life
2.4 to 3.2 hours

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00148

CAS Registry Number
113852-37-2