Pioglitazone_hydrochloride: profile and news

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Other information

Indication
Treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus

Pharmacology
Pioglitazone, a member of the drug group known as the thiazolidinediones or "insulin sensitizers", is not chemically or functionally related to the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, the biguanides, or the sulfonylureas. Pioglitazone targets insulin resistance and, hence, is used alone or in combination with insulin, metformin, or asulfonylurea as an antidiabetic agent.

Mechanism Of Action
Pioglitazone acts as an agonist at peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) in target tissues for insulin action such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver. Activation of PPAR-gamma receptors regulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes involved in the control of glucose production, transport, and utilization. In this way, pioglitazone enhances tissue sensitivity to insulin.

Drug Category
Hypoglycemic Agents; Thazolidinediones; ATC:A10BG03

Brand Names/Synonyms
AD-4833; Actos; Actost; CHEMBANK3906; Pioglitazona [Inn-Spanish]; Pioglitazone; Pioglitazone Hydrochloride; Pioglitazone [Ban:Inn]; Pioglitazonum [Inn-Latin]

Dosage Forms
Oral tablets

Absorption
Following oral administration, in the fasting state, pioglitazone is first measurable in serum within 30 minutes, with peak concentrations observed within 2 hours. Food slightly delays the time to peak serum concentration to 3 to 4 hours, but does not alter the extent of absorption.

Interactions
-->Interactions for Pioglitazone:

In vivo drug-drug interaction studies have suggested that pioglitazone may be a weak inducer of CYP 450 isoform 3A4 substrate.

Chemical IUPAC Name
5-[[4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]thiazolidine-2,4-dione

Chemical Formula
C19H20N2O3S

Half Life
3-7 hours

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00653

CAS Registry Number
111025-46-8