Penicillin_G: profile and news

First comprehensive HIV/STI management guidelines now available May 4, 2006
...of procaine penicillin for up to three weeks to a more manageable and less painful treatment using two doses of intramuscular benzathine penicillin G one week ... - Aidsmap,

Other information

Indication
Infections (penicillin sensitive when extended)

Pharmacology
Penicillin G is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Penicillin G has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Penicillin G results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through Penicillin G binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). Penicillin G is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases, including penicillinases, and cephalosporinases and extended spectrum beta-lactamases.

Mechanism Of Action
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Penicillin G inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that Penicillin G interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.

Drug Category
Anti-bacterial Agents; Penicillins; ATC:J01CE01

Brand Names/Synonyms
Abbocillin; Ayercillin; Benzopenicillin; Benzylpenicillin; Benzylpenicillin G; Benzylpenicillinic Acid; Bicillin; Bicillin L-A; Cillora; Cilloral; Cilopen; Compocillin G; Cosmopen; Crysticillin 300 A.S.; Dropcillin; Duracillin A.S.; Free Benzylpenicillin; Free Penicillin G; Free Penicillin Ii; Galofak; Gelacillin; Liquacillin; Megacillin; Pencillin G; Penicillin; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Potassium; Penicillin G Potassium in Plastic Container; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillin G Sodium; Penicillin-G Potassium; Penicillinic Acid, Benzyl-; Pentids; Pentids '200'; Permapen; Pfizerpen; Pfizerpen G; Pfizerpen-As; Pharmacillin; Phenylacetamidopenicillanic Acid; Pradupen; Specilline G; Ursopen; Wycillin

Dosage Forms
SUSPENSION

Absorption
Not Available

Interactions
Drug Interactions for Penicillin G:

Concurrent administration of bacteriostatic antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, tetracycline) may diminish the bactericidal effects of penicillins by slowing the rate of bacterial growth. Bactericidal agents work most effectively against the immature cell wall of rapidly proliferating microorganisms. This has been demonstrated in vitro; however, the clinical significance of this interaction is not well documented. There are few clinical situations in which the concurrent use of ''static'' and ''cidal '' antibiotics are indicated. However, in selected circumstances in which such therapy is appropriate, using adequate doses of antibacterial agents and beginning penicillin therapy first, should minimize the potential for interaction.

Penicillin blood levels may be prolonged by concurrent administration of probenecid which blocks the renal tubular secretion of penicillins.

Displacement of penicillin from plasma protein binding sites will elevate the level of free penicillin in the serum.

Chemical IUPAC Name
3,3-dimethyl-6-oxo-7-(2-phenylacetyl)amino-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-4-carboxylicacid

Chemical Formula
C16H18N2O4S

Half Life
Not Available

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00646

CAS Registry Number
61-33-6