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Kanamycin: profile and news
With ABC…HGT don’t bother me Feb 28, 2006 GM potato no threat to health, says EFSA Feb 28, 2006 When blessings go damned Mar 2, 2006 Possible health aspects of horizontal transfer of microbial ... Feb 7, 2006 Possible health aspects of horizontal transfer of microbial ... Feb 7, 2006 Caution urged on GMOs Jan 12, 2006 Open-Source Agriculture Dec 5, 2005 Horizontal gene transfer: plant vs. Bacterial genes for antibiotic ... Oct 5, 2005 Plant gene lends antibiotic resistance to tobacco Aug 26, 2005 Scientists hope to ease GM fears Aug 24, 2005 New plant gene could help allay concerns over GM crops Aug 27, 2005 Plant gene may ease GM safety fears Aug 21, 2005 Baculovirus-Based Expression of an Insect Viral Protein in 12 ... Jun 16, 2005 STIG1 Controls Exudate Secretion in the Pistil of Petunia and ... Jun 4, 2005 Baculovirus-Based Expression of an Insect Viral Protein in 12 ... Jun 16, 2005 Sanguinarine Biosynthesis Is Associated With the Endoplasmic ... Jun 4, 2005 Unique Translation Initiation at the Second AUG Codon Determines ... Jun 4, 2005 VAT exempted on 21 life-saving drugs Apr 28, 2005 WHO to promote second line anti-TB drugs production Apr 29, 2005 New advances could lead to enhanced fruit trees May 5, 2005 VAT exempted on 21 life-saving drugs 29 Apr 2005 After 7 years without drugs, TB patient dies Mar 10, 2005 2004 Sivb Congress Symposium Proceeding: Mechanisms of Somatic ... Mar 2, 2005 Free drugs nowhere in sight: TB hospital patients Feb 23, 2005 Other information Indication For treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), E. aerogenes, K.pneumoniae, S.marcescens, Acinetobacter species Pharmacology Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. In the past the aminoglycosides have been used in conjunction with penicillin-related antibiotics in streptococcal infections for their synergistic effects, particularly in endocarditis. Aminoglycosides are mostly ineffective against anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses. Mechanism Of Action Aminoglycosides like Kanamycin "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically Kanamycin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes. Drug Category Anti-bacterial Agents; ATC:A07AA08; ATC:J01GB04; ATC:S01AA24 Brand Names/Synonyms Aminodeoxykanamycin; Bekanamycin; KAN; Kanamycin; Kanamycin A; Kanamycin B; Kanamycin Base; Kanamycin Sulfate; Kantrex; Kenamycin A; Klebcil; NK 1006; NK-1006; Nebramycin Factor 5 Dosage Forms Not Available Absorption Not Available Interactions Interactions for Kanamycin: In vitro mixing of an aminoglycoside with beta-lactamtype antibiotics (penicillins or cephalosporins) may result in a significant mutual inactivation. Even when an aminoglycoside and a penicillin-type drug are administered separately by different routes, a reduction in aminoglycoside serum half-life or serum levels has been reported in patients with impaired renal function and in some patients with normal renal function. Usually, such inactivation of the aminoglycoside is clinically significant only in patients with severely impaired renal function.. See Chemical IUPAC Name 2-(aminomethyl)-6-[4,6-diamino-3-[4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-cyclohexoxy]-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol Chemical Formula C18H36N4O11 Half Life 2.5 hours Drug Type Approved Drug # Accession No APRD00026 CAS Registry Number 7/8/8063 |
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