Isoflurane: profile and news






Dental disease can be dangerous to animals  Mar 5, 2006
More progressive veterinarians also utilize safer anesthesia, such as monitored Isoflurane gas, which allows for quicker recovery. ... - Orlando Sentinel,

EEG During Anesthesia Is Not a Linear Random Process  Feb 22, 2006
...could be rejected with the Hinich test in only 6.2%, 9.1%, and 10.62% of the investigated EEG epochs during general anesthesia with isoflurane/alfentanil (3 ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

General Anesthesia Does Not Reduce Life Expectancy in Aged Rats  Feb 21, 2006
We have previously demonstrated impaired cognitive performance in aged rats for weeks after general anesthesia with 1.2% isoflurane-70% nitrous oxide-30% oxygen ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Intravenous Anesthetics Are More Effective than Volatile ...  Feb 21, 2006
It was observed that sevoflurane (0.5%–5%) and isoflurane (0.5%–5%) primarily inhibited PS[Sch] and also produced additive inhibition on the PS[Alv+Sch] in ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

EEG During Anesthesia Is Not a Linear Random Process  Feb 21, 2006
We found a significant increase of EEG bicoherence during isoflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia (2–4). We also found the same changes in EEG bicoherence ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Sustained Hypertension at Reperfusion of the Transplanted Kidneys ...  Feb 21, 2006
In these two patients, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane, nitrous oxide, and fentanyl without problem. ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

The Morning Read: The height of care  Feb 4, 2006
When the bird is out, Nemetz rushes her to the operating room and quickly pushes a tube down her windpipe to more carefully administer the isoflurane gas. ... - OCRegister,

A Strange Place to Find a Cable Tie  Feb 14, 2006
...started. General anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane 50% oxygen and 50% air. Our anesthesia machines are Narcomed GS machines. ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Going Under  Feb 6, 2006
...he adds. Drugs used for inhalation anesthesia in horses include halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, says Hubbell. For intravenous ... - TheHorse.com,

An Evaluation of the Insertion and Function of a New Supraglottic ...  Feb 14, 2006
Anesthesia was induced with up to 2 µg/kg fentanyl and 1.5–2 mg/kg propofol and maintained with 70% N 2 O/30%O 2 and isoflurane. ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Blood work needed before anesthesia  Feb 2, 2006
...risk. Isoflurane and sevoflurane are currently accepted as the safest gas anesthesia veterinarians have available to their patients. ... - Denver Post,

Birds-only veterinarian uses high-tech tools and a gentle touch  Feb 8, 2006
When the bird is out, Nemetz rushes her to the operating room and quickly pushes a tube down her windpipe to more carefully administer the isoflurane gas. ... - Fort Wayne News Sentinel,

Going Under  Feb 6, 2006
...he adds. Drugs used for inhalation anesthesia in horses include halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, says Hubbell. For intravenous ... - TheHorse.com,

Anesthetic preconditioning as the alternative to ischemic ...  Jan 23, 2006
3 Desflurane, enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane induce anesthetic preconditioning. ... Is isoflurane-induced preconditioning dose related?. ... - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Blood work needed before anesthesia  Feb 2, 2006
...risk. Isoflurane and sevoflurane are currently accepted as the safest gas anesthesia veterinarians have available to their patients. ... - Denver Post,

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, James Cook University ...  Jan 23, 2006
Huneke and coworkers 3 also reported that halothane, and to a lesser extent isoflurane and sevoflurane, may lead to ventricular arrhythmias by shortening the ... - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Routine Inhaled Induction in Adults: A Safe Practice?  Jan 29, 2006
...van den Berg AA, Honjol NM, Rozario CJ, Mphanza T. Headache and vomiting after halothane, isoflurane and enflurane anaesthesia: an analysis of outcome after ear ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Isoflurane Prevents Platelets from Enhancing Neutrophil-Induced ...  Nov 8, 2005
...whether platelets can enhance polymorphonuclear neutrophil-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction, and, after observing this, whether isoflurane can prevent ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Holiday Wish List  Dec 9, 2005
Two carport-size tents with side walls, printing services, plywood, surgery table, anesthetic machine Isoflurane non-rebreathing circuit. ... - Indianapolis Business Journal,

Surgical strike  Nov 25, 2005
The anesthetist and his resident are camped out behind a makeshift sheet at the head of the table, gently pumping oxygen, morphine and isoflurane, an anesthetic ... - Globe and Mail,

Morphine Enhances Isoflurane-Induced Postconditioning Against ...  Sep 30, 2005
Isoflurane reduces myocardial infarct size during early reperfusion by activating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

The Effect of Anesthesia by Diethyl Ether or Isoflurane on ...  Sep 30, 2005
In this study we sought to determine whether exposure to the anesthetics diethyl ether and isoflurane influences the activity of hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Species-Specific Differences in Response to Anesthetics and Other ...  Sep 30, 2005
Human TRESK is potently activated by halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane, making it the most sensitive volatile anesthetic-activated K 2P ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Tetsuya Kakutani, MD , Koji Ogawa, MD , Shizue Iwahashi, MD ...  Sep 30, 2005
We designed this study to investigate the mechanisms that mediate TNG tolerance and to compare the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on the development of ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Recovery Room Delirium Predicts Postoperative Delirium After Hip ...  Oct 3, 2005
...score. Recovery room delirium was assessed by obtaining a CAM score at 60 min after discontinuation of isoflurane. Postoperative ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Nitrous Oxide Does Not Increase Postop Infection Risk  Sep 22, 2005
...assigned by a research fellow or anesthesiologist, who was not involved in the data collection, to receive maintenance anesthesia with isoflurane 0.6% in ... - MedPage Today,

Temperatures in Soda Lime During Degradation of Desflurane ...  Aug 22, 2005
...a 6 L/min flow of oxygen containing 1.5 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) desflurane or sevoflurane, or 3.0 MAC desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane (with ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Isoflurane-Induced Neuronal Degeneration: An Evaluation in ...  Aug 22, 2005
The slices were exposed to 1.5% isoflurane or fresh gas for durations of 1, 3, or 5 h. Hippocampal CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus neuronal survival was assessed 3 ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Tutorial: Context-Sensitive Decrement Times for Inhaled ...  Aug 22, 2005
In this simulation, increasing duration of anesthesia can markedly delay complete awakening for isoflurane. Increasing anesthesia ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Notes On Whelping And Raising A Litter  Aug 16, 2005
...removed from the uterus. I have used a combination of glycopyrrolate, diazepam and isoflurane with very good results. Recently, I have ... - Gun Dog Magazine

The Effect of Different Isoflurane-Fentanyl Dose Combinations on ...  Jul 21, 2005
We evaluated the effect of different combinations of fentanyl-isoflurane on early recovery from anesthesia in 80 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

Postischemic Nitrous Oxide Alone Versus Intraischemic Nitrous ...  Jul 21, 2005
MD. Warner et al. (1) found no neuroprotective effect of intraischemic nitrous oxide in rats anesthetized with isoflurane. We would ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

Postischemic Nitrous Oxide Alone Versus Intraischemic Nitrous ...  Jul 21, 2005
Indeed, evidence that nitrous oxide potentiates isoflurane neurotoxicity in the neonatal rat brain has been presented (1). It is reasonable to ask if such an ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

The Influence of Gender on Loss of Consciousness with Sevoflurane ...  Jul 21, 2005
...al. (9) study, the LOC 50 for isoflurane for OAA/S <2 was 0.57% end-tidal at a BIS 50 of 63 (J. Sigl, personal communication). Stimulus ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

ß3-Containing Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid A Receptors Are Not Major ...  Jul 21, 2005
Using a Pavlovian test, we measured whether this mutation increased the concentration of isoflurane required to impair learning and memory relative to wild ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

The -Subunit Governs the Susceptibility of Recombinant ...  Jul 21, 2005
Using rapid perfusion and whole-cell recording techniques, we found that, like isoflurane, F6 blocked GABA-induced currents through 1ß2 receptors but, unlike ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription)

Volatile substance abuse deaths drop in the UK  Jul 23, 2005
...of the 51 deaths. Five of the adult deaths were associated with the anaesthetic agents isoflurane and sevoflurane. Of the nine volatile ... - I-Newswire.com (press release)


Other information


Indication
For induction and maintenance of general anesthesia

Pharmacology
Isoflurane is a general inhalation anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential.

Mechanism Of Action
Isoflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Isoflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. Also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Isoflurane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca2+ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor.

Drug Category
Anesthetics; General Anesthetics; ATC:N01AB06

Brand Names/Synonyms
Aerrane; Compd 469; Compound 469; Ethane; Forane; Forene; Isoflurane; Isoflurane [Usan:Ban:Inn:Jan]; Isofluranum [Inn-Latin]

Dosage Forms
LIQUID

Absorption
Not Available

Interactions
-->Interactions for Isoflurane:

Isoflurane potentiates the muscle relaxant effect of all muscle relaxants, most notably nondepolarizing muscle relaxants, and MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) is reduced by concomitant administration of N2O. See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.



Chemical IUPAC Name
2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethane

Chemical Formula
C3H2ClF5O

Half Life
Not Available

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00212

CAS Registry Number
26675-46-7

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