Garamycin: profile and news

Innocoll Announces Additional Distribution Agreements in the ... Feb 2, 2006
It is marketed under the following different trade names (COLLATAMP(R) G, COLLATAMP(R) EG, SULMYCIN(R) IMPLANT, GARAMYCIN(R) SCHWAMM, DURACOL(R), DURACOLL(R ... - PharmaLive.com (press release),

Innocoll Announces Additional Distribution Agreements in the ... Feb 2, 2006
It is marketed under the following different trade names (COLLATAMP® G, COLLATAMP® EG, SULMYCIN® IMPLANT, GARAMYCIN® SCHWAMM, DURACOL®, DURACOLL ... - Yahoo! News (press release)

/CORRECTION -- Innocoll, Inc./ Aug 1, 2005
Innocoll over PR Newswire, the first paragraph, second sentence, should read "(COLLATAMP® G, COLLATAMP® EG, SULMYCIN® IMPLANT, GARAMYCIN® SCHWAMM, DURACOL ... - Yahoo News (press release)

Other information

Indication
For treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: P.aeruginosa, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), E.coli, Klebsiella-Enterobactor-Serratia species, Citrobacter species and Staphylococcu

Pharmacology
Gentamicin is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. In the past the aminoglycosides have been used in conjunction with penicillin-related antibiotics in streptococcal infections for their synergistic effects, particularly in endocarditis. Aminoglycosides are mostly ineffective against anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses.

Mechanism Of Action
Aminoglycosides like Gentamicin "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically Gentamicin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.

Drug Category
Anti-bacterial Agents; Anti-bacterial Agents; ATC:D06AX07; ATC:J01GB03; ATC:S01AA11; ATC:S02AA14; ATC:S03AA06

Brand Names/Synonyms
Alcomicin; Apogen; Bristagen; CHEMBANK1392; Cidomycin; G-Mycin; G-Myticin; GENTAMYCIN; Garamycin; Garamycin Otic Solution; Garasol; Genoptic; Genoptic Liquifilm; Genoptic S.O.P.; Gentacidin; Gentacycol; Gentafair; Gentak; Gentamar; Gentamcin Sulfate; Gentamicin; Gentamicin Sulfate; Gentamicina [Inn-Spanish]; Gentamicine [Inn-French]; Gentamicins; Gentamicinum [Inn-Latin]; Gentamycin-Creme [German]; Gentamycinum; Gentamysin; Gentavet; Gentocin; HSDB 3087; Isotonic Gentamicin Sulfate in Plastic Container; Jenamicin; Ocu-Mycin; Refobacin; Refobacin Tm; Spectro-Genta; U-Gencin; Uromycine

Dosage Forms
CREAM; DROPS; IMPLANT; LIQUID; OINTMENT; SOLUTION; SPRAY

Absorption
Injections lead to peak serum concentrations in 30-60 minutes. May also be applied as a topical cream or ophthalmic. The drug is actively transported across the bacterial membrane

Interactions
Interactions for Gentamicin:

No information provided.

Chemical IUPAC Name
2-[4,6-diamino-3-[3-amino-6-(1-methylaminoethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-cyclohexoxy]-5-methyl-4-methylamino-tetrahydropyran-3,5-diol

Chemical Formula
C21H43N5O7

Half Life
3-3.5 hours

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00214

CAS Registry Number
1403-66-3