Ethinyl_Estradiol: profile and news






One small wave can spark a greater one  07 Mar 2006
...that when women reached out in friendship and support – dubbed the "tend and befriend" response – their bodies released the calming hormone oxytocin. ... - Dallas Morning News (subscription),

Changes following childbirth hone the mommy mind  Mar 5, 2006
Resiliency. Studies of the hormone oxytocin, which strengthens social interactions, might also help memory and learning, Ellison said. ... - Louisville Courier-Journal,

Can Items on an Aviation-Style Checklist for Preparation of ...  Feb 21, 2006
However, I question whether inclusion in the checklist of the two items "Oxytocin" and "Nondepolarizing muscle relaxant" under the heading "Drugs drawn up" may ... - Anesthesia & Analgesia (subscription),

Lose your bottle  Mar 4, 2006
On the emotional side, breastfeeding helps foster a sense of wellbeing and relaxation, thanks to the love hormone oxytocin that is released in the bonding. ... - Sunday Herald,

Living life in man’s world  Feb 28, 2006
Social philosopher and author Michael Gurian says the male brain secretes less of two chemicals, oxytocin and serotonin, than female brains do. ... - Enid News & Eagle,

Sex With Emily  Mar 4, 2006
The pragmatist in you might prefer the "oxytocin" excuse: that elusive "cuddle" hormone that makes you really, really want to see the guy you just had mediocre ... - AlterNet,

The cult of the mean girl  Mar 5, 2006
People with high levels of the hormone oxytocin, released as a response to stress, tend to be more calm and sociable and reach out to others. ... - Toronto Star,

Benefits of breastfeeding continue to grow  Mar 4, 2006
...mother is overtired. Breastfeeding releases oxytocin, which can help the mom relax and feel less stressed. Breastfeeding can help ... - Kearney Hub,

Beware over-feeding fresh calvers  Mar 3, 2006
...again. Older cows benefit from a routine calcium bolus and oxytocin to expel placenta after a difficult calving or twins, he adds. ... - FarmersWeekly,

Chemistry of love  Feb 25, 2006
Still and all, this chemically induced love has a scientific basis, as studies have shown that the hormone oxytocin promotes a feeling of connection and bonding ... - Jamaica Observer,

the sexual healing route to health  Feb 14, 2006
...how lovemaking helps, increasing attention is being given to three neurotransmitters released by the brain before, during and after sex: Oxytocin, the “cuddle ... - Hindustan Times,

Love is the drug  Feb 11, 2006
...contact with the love object occurs — stroking, love play, kissing, leading eventually to coitus — a heady hormone identified as oxytocin explodes like a ... - The Sunday Times,

Our Chemical Romance  Feb 13, 2006
This all occurs because a chemical called vasopressin is released postcoitus which, along with oxytocin (which humans also secrete), promotes the formation of ... - The UCSD Guardian Online,

Forget 'ditsy mom' idea: Maternity can boost brain  Feb 26, 2006
Resiliency. The hormone oxytocin, which strengthens social interactions, might also help memory and learning, Ellison says. One ... - Indianapolis Star,

Psychologist advocates all-girls schools  Feb 22, 2006
Girls on the other hand, get a shot of adrenaline and oxytocin. "Oxytocin makes me care about another person more and about what they think of me," Deak said. ... - Saanich News,

Isolated female rats subjected to a 30-minute stressor heal faster ...  Feb 28, 2006
Females may have a different physiological response to stress that evolved differently from males because of motherhood. "For example, oxytocin, a hormone ... - Innovations-Report,

Childbirth may give mom's brain a boost  Feb 27, 2006
Engage oxytocin. ... Resiliency. Studies of the hormone oxytocin, which strengthens social interactions, might also help memory and learning, Ellison says. ... - The News Journal,

Fiona: She is perfect love-hate relationship  Mar 2, 2006
It's better to stick to the safe hormones, the commitment chemicals, like oxytocin and vasopressin. But that's not Fiona's way. ... - Evansville Courier & Press (subscription),

The Health Benefits of Sex  Feb 22, 2006
In women, for example, the sexual act triggers the release of oxytocin. Oxytocin promotes feelings of affection and triggers that nurturing instinct. ... - ProgressiveU.org,

Decent Danny outpoints the reckless warrior breed  Feb 27, 2006
Has falling in love really made Andy Murray a better tennis player, I asked psychologist Oliver James. "Falling in love jacks up levels of oxytocin, making you ... - Guardian Unlimited,

Tend and Befriend, Not Fight or Flight  Feb 7, 2006
...suspect that women have a larger behavioral repertoire than just fight or flight; In fact, says Dr. Klein, it seems that when the hormone oxytocin is release ... - Hawaii Health Guide,

Relationships help with healing  Feb 14, 2006
Meanwhile, other researchers theorize that oxytocin — which is released during sex, childbirth, lactation, massage or even when a couple holds hands ... - Appleton Post Crescent,

Sense and Sensibility : Valentine’s and all that  Feb 13, 2006
Again physiologists explain that in the romantic state, the brain is full of dopamine but this transforms into a state of “oxytocin-induced attachment ... - INQ7.net,

Love? It's all in your head  Feb 14, 2006
Instead, when couples build a long and happy life together, their bodies begin to kick up production of another hormone -- oxytocin, the hormone of bonding ... - Orlando Sentinel,

Love is addictive  Feb 11, 2006
Oxytocin "is really a miracle chemical that is natural and automatically produced with touch and closeness and intimacy," says Janice Crouse, who recently ... - World Peace Herald,

Smart Sex  Feb 14, 2006
During sex, women secrete a hormone called oxytocin. ... In both these situations, oxytocin, the bonding hormone, has survival value. ... - National Review Online,

Pucker up: Kissing keeps us healthy and connected  Feb 14, 2006
The kiss, it is believed, is connected to the production of oxytocin, also known as the hormone of love. While oxytocin facilitates ... - Vancouver Sun (subscription),

Caresses Help Lower BP In Women  Feb 8, 2006
Stroking stimulated the brain to secrete a chemical called oxytocin which slows the heart down. On average, the women in the study ... - PakTribune.com,

Commentary: The chemistry of love  Feb 12, 2006
In contrast to the "high" of dopamine, Slater reveals that oxytocin is a chemical "that promotes bonding and connection," or the real, long-term deal. ... - Albuquerque Tribune,

The effects of affection  Feb 14, 2006
You know that feeling you get when you just want a hug? Your oxytocin supply is probably low. Nicknamed the "cuddle hormone," oxytocin ... - Jackson Hole Star-Tribune,

You really can be addicted to love  Feb 14, 2006
Oxytocin, released by the hypothalamus gland, helps bond the relationship. ... Oxytocin is also associated with mother/infant bonding. ... - The News Journal,

Sex and love - even a hug - have health benefits  Feb 13, 2006
Researchers at the University of North Carolina studied the effects of hugging and found that hugs increased levels of oxytocin, a "bonding" hormone, and ... - Salt Lake Tribune,

Love Hormone Doesn't Last  Feb 6, 2006
After the initial two-year period, the love hormone gives way to what the researchers called the cuddle hormone -- oxytocin. Oxytocin ... - NBC5i.com,

Beer is no cure for after labour pains  Feb 3, 2006
...of uterine blood supply. A hormone oxytocin from the brain is deeply involved in these uterine contractions. After delivery the ... - The Monitor, Uganda,

What is Love?  Feb 11, 2006
This included how the hormone oxytocin is released in the prairie vole during sexual intercourse and causes a female to bond monogamously, to choose the same ... - Sunday Herald,

Love burns brightly, but for how long?  Feb 19, 2006
After 24 months of irresistible urges the naughty nerve growth factor called neurotrophin gives way to a “cuddle� hormone called oxytocin which also can ... - Sunshine Coast Daily,

'Mommy Brain'  Feb 13, 2006
Resiliency. Studies of the hormone oxytocin, which strengthens social interactions, may also help memory and learning, Ellison said. ... - DesMoinesRegister.com,

Addicted to love  Feb 15, 2006
...together. Two hormones are involved during this stage: oxytocin and vasopressin. Vasopressin is the monogamy chemical. According ... - Tahlequah Daily Press,

Is love a matter of the heart or the head?  Feb 14, 2006
Through attachment, oxytocin (a hormone that creates a feeling of bonding) can make love last past the excitement stage. Oxytocin ... - University of Colorado The Campus Press,

Benefits Of Mother's Milk For Premature Babies - Your Breast ...  Feb 26, 2006
The uterus of such breastfeeding mothers contracts due the repeated burst of oxytocin, released in response to the baby suckling the milk. ... - Medical News Today (press release),

This Is Your Brain On Money  Feb 14, 2006
...went a step further with the same experiment, finding volunteers who were willing to take a blast from a nose spray containing the hormone oxytocin, which is ... - Forbes

Dietary salt and hypertension: new molecular targets add more ...  Feb 9, 2006
Also, salt appetite in rats is inhibited by central oxytocin (42). ... Stricker EM and Verbalis JG. Inhibition of salt appetite in rats by central oxytocin. ... - AJP-Regul Integr Comp Physiology (subscription)

Romantic passion fades after two years, says study  Feb 2, 2006
Scientists from the University of Pisa found it had been replaced by oxytocin, which they nicknamed "the cuddle hormone", in those who had been together for ... - Hindustan Times,

Flirting is good for the heart  Feb 10, 2006
It's all thanks to the calming hormone called oxytocin which they believe is released when couples have sex, so what better excuse do you need? ... - Scotsman,

Kissing: nature's cure-all, for most  Feb 12, 2006
It also reduces stress, anxiety and blood pressure, while at the same time boosting the immune system by heightening oxytocin levels in the body. ... - Seattle Times,


Other information


Indication
For treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with the menopause, female hypogonadism, prostatic carcinoma-palliative therapy of advanced disease, breast cancer, as an oral contraceptive, and as emergency contraceptive.

Pharmacology
Ethinyl estradiol is a synthetic derivative of the natural estrogen estradiol. It is one of two estrogens currently used in oral contraceptive pills. The other, mestranol, is converted to ethinyl estradiol before it is biologically active. Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone are used together as an oral contraceptive agent.

Mechanism Of Action
Estrogens diffuse into their target cells and interact with a protein receptor. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Estrogens increase the hepatic synthesis of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), and other serum proteins and suppress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary. The combination of an estrogen with a progestin suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary system, decreasing the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

Drug Category
Estrogens; ATC:G03CA01

Brand Names/Synonyms
17?-Ethynylestradiol; 17alpha-Ethinylestradiol; 17alpha-Ethynylestradiol; 17alpha-Ethynyloestradiol; Aethinyloestradiolum; Aethinyoestradiol [German]; Alesse; Alora; Amenoron; Amenorone; Anovlar; BRN 2419975; Binovum; Brevicon; Brevinor; CCRIS 286; CHEMBANK1139; Climara; Conceplan; Cyclosa; Demulen; Desogen; Dicromil; Diognat-E; Diogyn E; Diogyn-E; Diprol; Dyloform; EE; EE2; EO; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; Ertonyl; Esclim; Esteed; Estigyn; Estinyl; Eston-E; Estopherol; Estoral; Estoral {[Orion]}; Estorals; Estrace; Estraderm; Estradiol; Estring; Estrogel; Estrogen; Ethidol; Ethinoral; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethinyl-Oestranol; Ethinylestradiolum [Inn-Latin]; Ethinylestriol; Ethinyloestradiol; Ethy 11; Ethynylestradiol; Ethynyloestradiol; Eticyclin; Eticyclol; Eticylol; Etinestrol; Etinestryl; Etinilestradiol [Inn-Spanish]; Etinilestradiolo [Dcit]; Etinoestryl; Etistradiol; Etivex; Feminone; Fempatch; Follicoral; Genora; Ginestrene; Gynodiol; Gynolett; HSDB 3587; Halodrin; Inestra; Innofem; Jenest; Kolpolyn; Levlen; Linoral; Lo/Ovral; Loestrin; Logynon; Lynoral; Marvelon; Menolyn; Menostar; Mercilon; Microfollin; Microgynon; Mircette; Modicon; NEE; NSC-10973; Necon; Nelova; Neo-Estrone; Neocon; Nogest-S; Norcept; Nordette; Norethin 1/35 E; Norimin; Norinyl; Norlestrin; Novestrol; Oradiol; Orestralyn; Orestrayln; Ortho Tri-Cyclen; Ortho-Cept; Ortho-Cyclen; Ortho-Novum; Ovcon; Ovex; Oviol; Ovral; Ovran; Ovranette; Ovysmen; Palonyl; Perovex; Primogyn; Primogyn C; Primogyn M; Progynon C; Progynon M; Prosexol; Spanestrin; Stediril; Synphase; Tetragynon; Thiuram E; Thiuranide; Tri-Levlen; Tri-Norinyl; Trinordiol; Trinovum; Triphasil; Vagifem; Varnoline; Vivelle; Ylestrol

Dosage Forms
DISC (SUSTAINED-RELEASE); GEL; IMPLANT; LIQUID; PATCH; RING (SLOW-RELEASE); SOLUTION; TABLET

Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption follows oral intake of ethinyl estradiol (bioavailability 43%).

Interactions
Drug Interactions for Ethinyl Estradiol:

Certain endocrine and liver function tests may be affected by estrogen-containing oral contraceptives. The following similar changes may be expected with larger doses of estrogen:

Increased sulfobromophthalein retention; increased prothrombin and factors VII, VIII, IX, and X; decreased antithrombin 3; increased norepinephrine-induced platel et aggregation; increased thyroid binding globulin (TBG) leading to increased circulating total thyroid hormone, as measured by PBI, T4 by column, or T4 by radioimmunoassay. Free T3 resin uptake is decreased, reflecting the elevated TBG; free T4 concentration is unaltered: impaired glucose tolerance; decreased pregnanediol excretion; reduced response to metyrapone test; reduced serum folate concentration; increased serum triglyceride and phospholipid concentration.



Chemical IUPAC Name
17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol

Chemical Formula
C20H24O2

Half Life
36 +/- 13 hours

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00691

CAS Registry Number
57-63-6

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