Demerol: profile and news






Antibiotic Tequin risky to diabetes patients  Mar 5, 2006
A macolide is an antibiotic in a class of broad spectrum antibiotics that include Biaxin, Clarithromycin, Ery-Tab, and Erythromycin, which are produced by ... - Food Consumer,

Tequin Linked to High Risk of Dangerous Glucose Changes  Mar 1, 2006
...to develop hypoglycemia and 17 times more likely to be hospitalized for hyperglycemia than similar patients treated with Biaxin (clarithromycin) or Zithromax ... - MedPage Today,

Unraveling the mystery of Crohn's disease  Feb 15, 2006
One of those was rifabutin, a chemical modification of rifamycin. Another was clarithromycin from Abbott in Chicago. Clarithromycin ... - Saturday Evening Post,

Protected Against Pertussis? Maybe Not  Feb 14, 2006
Erythromycin has traditionally been used for 14 days, but alternative antibiotics taken for five to seven days like azithromycin and clarithromycin are now ... - The Ledger,

You're probably not protected from pertussis  Feb 13, 2006
Erythromycin has traditionally been used for 14 days, but alternative antibiotics taken for 5 to 7 days such as azithromycin and clarithromycin are now often ... - Roanoke Times,

Abbott Reports Record Sales, Earnings and Cash Flow in 2005  Jan 25, 2006
...$159 54.6 $441 61.8 Depakote $334 9.9 $16 26.1 $350 10.6 TriCor $312 37.5 --- -- $312 37.5 Mobic $306 18.4 --- -- $306 18.4 Biaxin (clarithromycin) $93 (50.0 ... - MSN Money

Protected From Pertussis? Most Likely, You're Not  Feb 6, 2006
Erythromycin has traditionally been used for 14 days, but alternative antibiotics taken for 5 to 7 days like azithromycin and clarithromycin are now often ... - New York Times,

Tamiflu prescribed concurrently with Warfarin: suspected increase ...  Jan 28, 2006
In 2 cases, Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin respectively were reported as co-suspect medications; these drugs are known to interact with Warfarin and may cause ... - Xagena.it,

Scottish Medicines Consortium Approves Zoton FasTab, The First And ...  Jan 14, 2006
NICE recommends providing a 7-day, twice daily course of treatment consisting of full dose PPI, with either metronidazole 400mg and clarithromycin 250mg or ... - Medical News Today (press release),

Dumaguing: Risek reduces ulcer risks  Jan 15, 2006
...cases in which a microbe by the name of Helicobacter pylori must be eradicated, Risek 20 mg twice daily may be combined with antibiotic like Clarithromycin. ... - Sun.Star,

Abbott shares rise on Q4 and Guidant win  Jan 26, 2006
On the down side, Biaxin (clarithromycin) revenues dropped 26.4% to $281 million, as immediate-release versions of the drug are subjected to mounting generic ... - Pharma Times (subscription),

SD Pharmaceuticals Completes Pivotal Pre-Clinical Efficacy Study ...  Jan 11, 2006
The product candidates in the company's portfolio include novel formulations of vinorelbine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, clarithromycin and vancomycin. ... - Business Wire (press release),

FDA Approves EMEND(R) (aprepitant), in Combination with Other ...  Jan 11, 2006
...administration of EMEND with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, ketoconazole, itraconazole, nefazodone, troleandomycin, clarithromycin, ritonavir, nelfinavir ... - Business Wire (press release),

E. Coli Defense Mechanism May Provide Key to Disrupting Bacteria ...  Jan 16, 2006
In more severe cases of gastroenteritis, antibiotics such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, or ... - Newsinferno.com,

Antibiotics Do Not Prevent Recurrent Myocardial Infarcts In ...  Jan 7, 2006
...the recurrence of new cardiovascular events over one year of observation following the administration of a three-month course of clarithromycin/placebo. ... - Medical News Today (press release),

Biaxin alert posted  Dec 10, 2005
The Food and Drug Administration posted an alert on its Web site on Biaxin, which also is sold as a generic medicine under the name clarithromycin. ... - Chicago Tribune,

Ranbaxy gets clarity from US court for launch of Clarithromycin  Nov 11, 2005
In effect, the US Court preliminarily enjoined Ranbaxy from marketing its Clarithromycin tablets, one gram extended release product, the company informed BSE ... - Webindia123,

Andrx Comments On Clarithromycin ER Preliminary Injunction  Nov 11, 2005
...the District of Northern Illinois granted Abbott Laboratories' motion for a preliminary injunction related to Andrx's generic Clarithromycin Extended Release ... - Genetic Engineering News,

FDA issues an Alert and Patient and Healthcare Professional Sheets ...  Dec 8, 2005
...controlled study of patients in Denmark with heart disease (the CLARICOR Study), reporting increased mortality in patients treated with clarithromycin (14 days ... - Community Dispatch (press release)

Secondary Mania in Older Adults  Nov 13, 2005
Her infectious symptoms were not improving, so clarithromycin was added. ... For this reason, her clarithromycin was stopped at admission. ... - Am J Psychiatry (subscription)

Drinking straw delivers drugs more efficiently  Dec 5, 2005
The medication, antibiotic clarithromycin, is contained inside the straw in granular taste-masked form. Inside the bottom end of the straw is the controller. ... - In-PharmaTechnologist.com,

Health Briefs  Nov 29, 2005
News reported. The straw has a filter that indicates when the child has taken the entire dose of the Clarithromycin antibiotic. The ... - Howard University Hilltop (subscription),

Ranbaxy wins three patent cases in the US  Nov 11, 2005
...activity globally, a US District Court has ruled for Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd on two patents and against it on a third one on Clarithromycin’s 1000 mg ... - Business Standard,

Ranbaxy gets mixed verdict from US court  Nov 11, 2005
The court enjoined the company from marketing its Clarithromycin, one gram extended release product. Clarithromycin tablets are ... - Financial Express,

Mixed ruling for Ranbaxy on antibacterial drug  Nov 11, 2005
...bacterial drug. The court has preliminarily enjoined the company from marketing Clarithromycin, 1000 mg extended release. Though ... - India Infoline.com,

FDA Provides Guidance on Advanced Life Sciences' Pivotal Phase 3 ...  Dec 6, 2005
...double- blind, multicenter, multinational, comparator trial to assess the efficacy and safety of cethromycin in CAP patients versus Biaxin(R) (clarithromycin). ... - PR Newswire (press release),

ABBOTT FUND SUPPORTS PIONEERING PROGRAMS IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF ...  Dec 7, 2005
Pedialyte® rehydration solution; multivitamins and the nutritional supplements Formance® and Ensure Healthy Mom®; and the antibiotic Biaxin® (clarithromycin ... - SocialFunds.com

New Straw To Help Children Take Medicine  Nov 28, 2005
...been taken. The tasteless cover of the granulated medication - clarithromycin - is developed to dissolve in the stomach. If the ... - MedIndia,

Report Says Straw Makes Medicine Easy  Nov 28, 2005
...favorite drink. The system, called Clarosip, is a drinking straw that contains neutral-tasting granules of clarithromycin. When ... - WDIV,

Drinking Straw Containing Antibiotics Promises to Make Medicating ...  Nov 29, 2005
...various drugs. The tasteless cover of the granulated medication, clarithromycin, is developed to dissolve in the stomach. The only ... - Newsinferno.com,

Special Straw Eases Antibiotic Use for Children  Nov 29, 2005
News reported. The straw has a filter that indicates when the child has taken the entire dose of the clarithromycin antibiotic. The ... - HealthCentral.com

Abbott Fund Supports Pioneering Programs Improving the Health of ...  Nov 28, 2005
R) rehydration solution; multivitamins and the nutritional supplements Formance(R) and Ensure Healthy Mom(R); and the antibiotic Biaxin(R) (clarithromycin). ... - PR Newswire (press release),

Merck/Schering-Plough Announces Update for the IMPROVE-IT Trial  Nov 15, 2005
The use of VYTORIN concomitantly with the potent CYP3A4 inhibitors itraconazole, ketoconazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, HIV protease ... - Business Wire (press release),

Dr. Gaff's Column  Nov 28, 2005
Use of simvastatin (Zocor, Vytorin) with itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), erythromycin, clarithromycin (Biaxin), telithromycin (Ketek ... - KPCnews.com,

Andrx comments on court decision  Nov 11, 2005
...in Chicago on Thursday granted Abbott's request to halt production of generic equivalents of the antibiotic, such as Andrx's clarithromycin extended release ... - BusinessWeek

Dell, Patterson-UTI, Serena Software and more  Nov 11, 2005
...(ADRX) said a US District Court granted Abbott Laboratories (ABT) motion for a preliminary injunction related to Andrx's Clarithromycin tablets, which are the ... - Investor's Business Daily (subscription)

Highlights of rising and falling US stocks  Nov 11, 2005
...as 7.4% after saying a US District Court granted Abbott Laboratories (ABT) motion for a preliminary injunction related to Andrx's Clarithromycin tablets, which ... - Investor's Business Daily (subscription)

Good as gold  Nov 21, 2005
But now Grunethal has come up with a new delivery system, Clarosip, which takes the stress out of giving the antibiotic clarithromycin to children. ... - Times Online,

Strep or No, Half of Kids Get Antibiotics for Sore Throat  Nov 8, 2005
...number of cases included other cephalosporins, extended spectrum macrolides (eg, Zithromax (azithromycin), Biaxin (clarithromycin), Augmentin (amoxicillin ... - MedPage Today,

Bacteria Linked To Heart Risk  Oct 7, 2005
To eradicate H. pylori infections, doctors usually prescribe two antibiotics--including amoxycillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, and metronidazole--along ... - Saturday Evening Post,

Clinical Data on FACTIVE(R) Tablets for ABS and AECB Presented at ...  Oct 7, 2005
End of therapy clinical response rates were similar, about 90%, for all treatment arms including gemifloxacin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin ... - Genetic Engineering News,

Legionnaires' disease - Legionellosis  Oct 6, 2005
...of choice are the respiratory tract quinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin) or newer macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin). ... - Food Consumer,

FDA Safety Labeling Changes: Hectorol, Mevacor, Pulmicort Respules  Sep 28, 2005
Use of lovastatin in conjunction with itraconazole, ketoconazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, HIV protease inhibitors, nefazodone, or large ... - Medscape (subscription)

A married couple with streptococcal septicaemia  Oct 3, 2005
...diagnosis was sepsis secondary either to community-acquired pneumonia or to infection of her IUCD, and initial treatment was with cefotaxime and clarithromycin ... - Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Generic drug makers target new proposal  Oct 2, 2005
...in court. A case in point is Abbott Laboratories Ltd.'s antibiotic clarithromycin, which has been sold in Canada since 1992. The ... - Globe and Mail,

Microbiological activity of telithromycin against Streptococcus ...  Sep 21, 2005
...equal to equal to equal to 73.1 128 72.7 128 75.3 128 ----- Clarithromycin greater greater ... - Canada NewsWire (press release),


Other information


Indication
Used to control moderate to severe pain.

Pharmacology
Meperidine is a synthetic opiate agonist belonging to the phenylpiperidine class. Meperidine may produce less smooth muscle spasm, constipation, and depression of the cough reflex than equivalent doses of morphine. The onset of action is lightly more rapid than with morphine, and the duration of action is slightly shorter. The chemical structure of Meperidine is similar to local anesthetics. Meperidine is recommended for relief of moderate to severe acute pain and has the unique ability to interrupt postoperative shivering and shaking chills induced by amphotericin B. Meperidine has also been used for intravenous regional anesthesia, peripheral nerve blocks and intraarticular, epidural and spinal analgesia. Meperidine is considered a second-line agent for the treatment of acute pain.

Mechanism Of Action
Meperidine is primarily a kappa-opiate receptor agonist and also has local anesthetic effects. Meperidine has more affinity for the kappa-receptor than morphine. Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin and glucagon. Meperidine's analgesic activity is, most likely, due to its conversion to morphine. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.

Drug Category
Narcotics; Adjuvants; Analgesics; Opiate Agonists; ATC:N02AB

Brand Names/Synonyms
Centralgin; Demarol; Demerol; Dispadol; Dolantin; Dolcontral; Dolosal; Dolsin; HSDB 3116; Isonipecaine; Lidol; Lydol; Meperidine; Meperidine Hcl; Meperidine Hcl Preservative Free; Meperidol; Methyl Phenylpiperidine Carbonic Acid Ethyl Ester; Nemerol; Operidine; Petantin; Pethanol; Pethidin; Pethidine; Pethidineter; Petydyna; Phetidine; Piperosal; Pipersal; Piridosal

Dosage Forms
SYRUP,TABLET

Absorption
Oral bioavailability is 50-60% in patients with normal hepatic function.

Interactions
Interactions for Meperidine:

Interaction with Other Central Nervous System Depressants: MEPERIDINE SHOULD BE USED WITH GREAT CAUTION AND IN REDUCED DOSAGE IN PATIENTS WHO ARE CONCURRENTLY RECEIVING OTHER NARCOTIC ANALGESICS, GENERAL ANESTHETICS, PHENOTHIAZINES, OTHER TRANQUILIZERS, SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS (INCLUDING BARBITURATES), TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS (INCLUDING ALCOHOL). RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION, AND PROFOUND SEDATION OR COMA MAY RESULT.



Chemical IUPAC Name
ethyl1-methyl-4-phenyl-piperidine-4-carboxylate

Chemical Formula
C15H21NO2

Half Life
3-5 hours

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00074

CAS Registry Number
57-42-1

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