Caffeine: profile and news






Caffeine Awareness Month Helps Santa Rosa Residents Reduce ...  06 Mar 2006
Santa Rosa, CA (OPENPRESS) March 7, 2006 -- Mayor Jane Bender has signed a proclamation declaring March 2006 as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

Biochemistry of Caffeine on Stress Response  06 Mar 2006
Using doses of caffeine equivalent to drinking one to four cups of coffee and an intense arithmetic test as stressors, Klein and her colleagues found a rise in ... - Medgadget.com,

Caffeine with attitude coming to Five Points  06 Mar 2006
The Utah-based chain, called Bad Ass Coffee is making its way to the Five Points area with plans to open later this month in the space that used to be occupied ... - The State,

Use trendy energy drinks wisely, nutritionists warn  06 Mar 2006
Jason Pietz, a 24-year-old engineering major at California State University, Sacramento, feeds his caffeine addiction with a drink called Amp several times a ... - Detroit Free Press,

Sports Nutrition  06 Mar 2006
...and catecholamines, leading researchers to conclude GTE has thermogenic properties; promotes fat oxidation for reasons beyond its caffeine content; and may ... - Natural Products Industry Insider,

BooKoo battling for bev biz bucks  06 Mar 2006
Most energy drinks consist of carbonated water, a blend of sugars, caffeine, taurine (an amino acid), guarana (a stimulant similar to caffeine), B-vitamins and ... - MSNBC

Fresh Idea: Beating The Breakfast Blues  06 Mar 2006
Number five: caffeine dependence. Caffeine can also cause a crash, but it does elevate mood, so if you drink it you shouldn't skip it. ... - KUTV,

Study says restless leg syndrome is common  06 Mar 2006
Malhotra recommends that patients with restless legs syndrome get plenty of sleep, practice relaxation techniques and avoid caffeine and alcohol. ... - United Press International

California mayors sign off on caffeine war  Feb 27, 2006
But first, to be more precise, critics aren't specifically after coffee, but rather after caffeine - a "drug" that is included in such products as energy and ... - Spero News

Saliva used to measure caffeine effects  Mar 2, 2006
UPI) -- Penn State University scientists have found a simple saliva test may offer a new way to investigate the physical consequences of caffeine coupled with ... - United Press International

Artist's Caffeine Buzz at Moore College  Mar 1, 2006
PHILADELPHIA (AP) - Mar. 1, 2006 - A new exhibit at the Moore College of Art and Design is creating a buzz -- and more. Molly Dougherty ... - 6abc.com,

Daily grind makes us a caffeine nation  Feb 27, 2006
AUSTRALIANS are drinking more coffee than ever before but are more likely to be buying it from chains such as Gloria Jean's and McCafe than smaller operators. ... - Brisbane Courier Mail,

Caffeine: Moody's run boosts Coffeeville  Mar 1, 2006
By Michael Wallace. Coffeeville's Marquitta Moody spends most mornings trying to keep herself awake in a second-period US Government class. ... - Jackson Clarion Ledger,

Health Alert: Teens and caffeine  Feb 28, 2006
Most experts recommend no more than 100 milligrams of caffeine a day for teens. Caffeine is a powerful stimulant, and dependence on it can grow. ... - WIS,

Caffeine slows the flow: Avoid java before the gym  Mar 1, 2006
Researchers in Switzerland found that the amount of caffeine in just two cups of coffee limits the body’s ability to increase blood flow to the heart during ... - Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier,

caffeine-free vs. happily hooked  Feb 19, 2006
For others, it's beverage nirvana. We corralled The Eagle's resident caffeine phobe and coffee addict to sound off on the issue. Here's what perked up. ... - The Wichita Eagle,

Soldiers embrace caffeine boost  Feb 19, 2006
He pushed his new energy drink BAWLS to computer gaming enthusiasts, who found the caffeine-juiced drink was the perfect stimulant for pulling all-nighters ... - Barre Montpelier Times Argus,

Wean off the caffeine machine  Feb 20, 2006
...of caffeine. Caffeine affects many neurobiological and physiological systems in our bodies. ... "For many people, ingesting caffeine results in a boost of energy. ... - myDNA.com,

Washington Mayor Proclaims March “National Caffeine Awareness ...  Feb 21, 2006
Richland, WA (OPENPRESS) February 22, 2006 -- In the fight against caffeine dependency and intoxication, the Caffeine Awareness Alliance has a new ally on its ... - The Open Press (press release)

Kick caffeine habit with coffee substitutes  Feb 24, 2006
At least that's what some caffeine experts and nutritionists say. They ... Center. He has studied caffeine's effects for more than 15 years. ... - Birmingham News,

What's bubbly, green and full of caffeine? This student's (latest) ...  Feb 24, 2006
It was around for a while, and then was summarily pulled from shelves amid rumors of a dangerously high level of caffeine and, allegedly, the mysterious ... - Daily Breeze,

'The Fountain of Youth' We've All Been Waiting For: New Anti-aging ...  Mar 4, 2006
A typical cup of coffee contains approximately 138 mg of caffeine. The unique blend of Ganoderma in this product neutralizes the ... - PR Web (press release),

Huntsville Mayor's Declaration: Cut Down on Caffeine  Feb 27, 2006
Huntsville, AL (OPENPRESS) February 28, 2006 -- Mayor Loretta Spencer has signed a proclamation declaring March 2006 as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

San Diego Sans Caffeine  Mar 1, 2006
San Diego, CA (OPENPRESS) March 2, 2006 -- Mayor Jerry Sanders has signed a proclamation declaring March 2006 as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

Health Tip: Caffeine Is No Weight-Loss Solution  Feb 13, 2006
...off, the Mayo Clinic says. Caffeine acts as a diuretic, causing the body temporarily to retain less water. But there's nothing to ... - Forbes

Nutrition Wise: Caffeine, Nutrition Counseling Insurance, Grits  Feb 14, 2006
By Karen Collins, MS, RD, CDN - Q: How many hours do the effects of caffeine last? Q: Does health insurance cover the costs of nutrition counseling? ... - Kansas City infoZine,

Local Mayor Declares Caffeine Awareness Month  Feb 9, 2006
Heights drinks a cup and a half of coffee a day, but that didn't stop her from issuing a proclamation declaring March as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - NewsNet5.com,

Red Bull hit by retailer ban over caffeine content  Feb 6, 2006
A Scottish off-licence chain has become the first UK retailer to ban the sale of Red Bull to under-16s because of concerns over its high caffeine content. ... - Digital Bulletin,

City of Chino Goes On Caffeine Alert  Feb 24, 2006
Chino, CA (OPENPRESS) February 25, 2006 -- Mayor Dennis R. Yates has signed a proclamation declaring March 2006 as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

Third Times the Charm as Nebraska Proclaims Caffeine Awareness ...  Feb 16, 2006
Lincoln, NE (OPENPRESS) February 17, 2006 -- In an effort to promote the awareness, detection and prevention of caffeine addiction in Nebraska, Governor Dave ... - The Open Press (press release)

Study shows caffeine restricts blood flow at altitude  Feb 6, 2006
Red Bull may give you wings, but Swiss scientists have found that flying at too high an altitude on that caffeine high could negatively affect athletes ... - University of Colorado The Campus Press,

Caffeine intake causes health problems  Feb 14, 2006
But, why do these drinks make people more energetic? The answer is caffeine. It's ... them. There are several addicting factors for caffeine. ... - GCC Voice,

Teens mix up their caffeine intake  Feb 3, 2006
...before first hour to the Red Bull some athletes slam before games, soda may be the least of school officials' concerns when it comes to teens' caffeine intake. ... - Craig Daily Press,

Researchers discover caffeine limits blood flow to the heart ...  Feb 9, 2006
Zurich and Center for Integrative Human Physiology CIHP in Zurich, discusses the findings of his latest research, which suggests that caffeine limits blood ... - Newstarget.com,

Caffeine may help improve short-term memory  Feb 17, 2006
Although caffeine is widely recognized as a mild stimulant drug, it might lead to improvement of the reasoning functions, particularly memory. ... - Fortnightly Tenerife News,

Health Tip: Signs You've Had Too Much Caffeine  Feb 15, 2006
You're taking certain medications, like some antibiotics and herbal supplements, which can heighten the effects of caffeine by interfering with the body's ... - WFIE-TV,

Time for some audio caffeine  Feb 14, 2006
If you've got the Monday-morning blues, perhaps it's time for some audio caffeine (high-energy, stimulating music that gets you moving in the morning). ... - Fair Lady,

Energy in a can? Liquid pick-me-ups flowing in popularity  Mar 3, 2006
Even Starbucks is considered an energy drink to people who like getting multiple shots of caffeine added to their everyday coffee. ... - Sacramento Bee,

Caffeine Awareness Month Brewing in the South  Feb 13, 2006
February 14, 2006 - Mayor Loretta Spencer signed a proclamation for her beloved city of Huntsville declaring March as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

Another City in Texas is Nixing Caffeine  Feb 11, 2006
February 12, 2006 -- Following in the footsteps of the City of Killeen, the mayor of Lewisville has proclaimed March as National Caffeine Awareness Month. ... - The Open Press (press release)

Rosy alternative for caffeine addicts  Feb 7, 2006
A coffee junkie has invented a range of drinks based on rooibos tea. Angela Day had a taste and was won over. By Angela Day. Around ... - Cape Argus (subscription),

Caffeine Gum for Troops Helps with Alertness  Feb 1, 2006
By Steven Donald Smith - Caffeine gum now available to US troops is intended to improve performance and alertness in myriad tasks, a wide-eyed and seemingly ... - Kansas City infoZine,

Caffeine Gum for Troops Helps With Alertness  Jan 31, 2006
31, 2006 – Caffeine gum now available to US troops is intended to improve performance and alertness in myriad tasks, a wide-eyed and seemingly well ... - The Conservative Voice,

Consumers won't give up their caffeine fix - Caffe Nero results ...  Feb 2, 2006
Consumers may be tightening their belts, but they are not giving up the daily caffeine fix as results from coffee chain Caffe Nero show. ... - Retail Bulletin,

Texarkana restaurant scene sees comings and goings  Mar 5, 2006
Two coffee shops that opened within the last year have turned off their espresso machines and closed doors recently: The Caffeine Shop and J. Marbles Coffee ... - Texarkana Gazette,


Other information


Indication
For management of fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and for the short term treatment of apnea of prematurity in infants.

Pharmacology
Caffeine, a naturally occurring xanthine derivative like theobromine and the bronchodilator theophylline, is used as a CNS stimulant, mild diuretic, and respiratory stimulant (in neonates with apnea of prematurity). Often combined with analgesics or with ergot alkaloids, caffeine is used to treat migraine and other headache types. Over the counter, caffeine is available to treat drowsiness or mild water-weight gain.

Mechanism Of Action
Caffeine stimulates medullary, vagal, vasomotor, and respiratory centers, promoting bradycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased respiratory rate. This action was previously believed to be due primarily to increased intracellular cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) following inhibition of phosphodiesterase, the enzyme that degrades cyclic AMP. It is now thought that xanthines such as caffeine act as agonists at adenosine-receptors within the plasma membrane of virtually every cell. As adenosine acts as an autocoid, inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic sites but augmenting the actions of norepinephrine or angiotensin, antagonism of adenosine receptors promotes neurotransmitter release. This explains the stimulatory effects of caffeine. Blockade of the adenosine A1 receptor in the heart leads to the accelerated, pronounced "pounding" of the heart upon caffeine intake.

Drug Category
Central Nervous System Stimulants; Anorexigenic Agents; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; ATC:N06BC01

Brand Names/Synonyms
Acetaminophen; Alert-Pep; Anoquan; Butal Compound; Butalbital; Butalbital Compound; CFF; Cafamil; Cafcit; Cafecon; Cafeina; Cafergot; Caffedrine; Caffedrine Caplets; Caffein; Caffeine; Caffeine Pure; Caffeine, Anhydrous; Caffeine, Monohydrate; Caffeine, Synthetic; Caffine; Cafipel; Coffein; Coffeine; Compound 65; Darvon Compound; Darvon Compound-65; Dasin; Dexitac; Dexitac Stay Alert Stimulant; Dhc Plus; Diurex; Durvitan; Eldiatric C; Enerjets; Ercatab; Esgic; Esgic-Plus; Femcet; Fioricet; Fiorinal; Guaranine; Hycomine; Invagesic; Invagesic Forte; Keep Alert; Kofein; Koffein; Lanorinal; Mateina; Maximum Strength Snapback Stimulant Powders; Medigesic Plus; Methyltheobromide; Methyltheobromine; Migergot; Miudol; Monomethyl Derivative of Theophylline; NCI-C02733; NSC 5036; Natural Caffeinum; Nix Nap; No-Doz; Nodaca; Nodoz Maximum Strength Caplets; Norgesic; Norgesic Forte; Organex; Orphengesic; Orphengesic Forte; Pep-Back; Phensal; Propoxyphene Compound 65; Propoxyphene Compound-65; Quick Pep; Refresh'n; Sk 65 Compound; Stim; Synalgos-Dc; Thein; Theine; Theobromine Me; Theophylline Me; Triad; Ultra Pep-Back; Vivarin; Wake-Up; Wigraine

Dosage Forms
CAPSULE; DROPS; LIQUID; PILL; TABLET

Absorption
Readily absorbed after oral or parenteral administration. The peak plasma level for caffeine range from 6-10mg/L and the mean time to reach peak concentration ranged from 30 minutes to 2 hours.

Interactions
Interactions for Caffeine:

Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is known to be the major enzyme involved in the metabolism of caffeine. Therefore, caffeine has the potential to interact with drugs that are substrates for CYP1A2, inhibit CYP1A2, or induce CYP1A2.

Few data exist on drug interactions with caffeine in preterm neonates. Based on adult data, lower doses of caffeine may be needed following coadministration of drugs which are reported to decrease caffeine elimination (e.g., cimetidine and ketoconazole) and higher caffeine doses may be needed following coadministration of drugs that increase caffeine elimination (e.g., phenobarbital and phenytoin).

Caffeine administered concurrently with ketoprofen reduced the urine volume in 4 healthy volunteers. The clinical significance of this interaction in preterm neonates is not known.

Interconversion between caffeine and theophylline has been reported in preterm neonates. The concurrent use of these drugs is not recommended.



Chemical IUPAC Name
1,3,7-trimethyl-3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione

Chemical Formula
C8H10N4O2

Half Life
3 to 7 hours in adults, 65 to 130 hours in neonates

Drug Type
Approved Drug

# Accession No
APRD00673

CAS Registry Number
58-08-2

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