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Biaxin: profile and news
Drake takes modified series at Florida track 07 Mar 2006 Govt aims to end privacy law confusion / Advice modified for ... 07 Mar 2006 Outlaw Motor Speedway goes through makeover 07 Mar 2006 Fonda Speedway releases schedule for 2006 07 Mar 2006 Monsanto, Syngenta Shares Gain Even as EU Opposes GMO Seeds 07 Mar 2006 Mahoning Valley Speedway practice begins this Saturday 07 Mar 2006 100 modified buses planned Mar 5, 2006 EU Approves New Type of Genetically Modified Maize Mar 5, 2006 EU Approves Genetically Modified Corn as Food, Food Ingredients Mar 3, 2006 Compromise collapses on Vt.'s modified-crops bill Mar 3, 2006 EU approves type of genetically modified maize Mar 3, 2006 A Theological Framework for Evaluating Genetically Modified Food Mar 3, 2006 Apple airs modified Intel ad in UK Mar 4, 2006 NASCAR veteran comes up short Mar 5, 2006 2006 NCRA modified and Feb 28, 2006 Fringe Benefit Tax provisions modified — India Inc not mollified ... Feb 28, 2006 Ten years of Genetically Modified Crops fail to deliver benefits ... Feb 27, 2006 10-Year Ban Proposed For Genetically Modified Agriculture Feb 28, 2006 DuPont to launch genetically modified, herbicide-resistant seeds Mar 2, 2006 Modified Gulfstream Jet Used To Study Whirlwinds Mar 2, 2006 In Win For Bush, Senate Votes To Renew Modified Patriot Act Mar 2, 2006 USD Modified Distance Learning - Anatomy Class Feb 27, 2006 Southeast Motorsports Modified Division season opener this ... Mar 2, 2006 Why am I modified? Feb 28, 2006 Nine dates set for IMCA's Empire State Modified Series Mar 1, 2006 Modified calendar for Providence Landing OK'd Mar 2, 2006 Switzerland: Modified Prius with CNG system on display at Geneva Mar 2, 2006 Euronext Brussels) - Payton Planar Magnetics : Modified date for ... Feb 28, 2006 School logo 'modified' to clarify name confusions Mar 3, 2006 Zimbabwe not importing genetically modified food: official Feb 20, 2006 Enron Data Modified, Jury Is Told Feb 21, 2006 EU rejects drug made in modified goats' milk Feb 24, 2006 Genetically modified Feb 25, 2006 Hampstead’s Seuss captures Florida Modified title Feb 19, 2006 Pro Modified Racing Association debuts new-look PMRA racing ... Feb 19, 2006 Pro Modified Racing Association debuts new-look PMRA racing ... Feb 20, 2006 Zim Not Importing Genetically Modified Food - Muta Feb 21, 2006 Westinghouse High In 'Modified' Lockdown After Shooting Feb 21, 2006 EU Rejects Drug Made in Modified Goats' Milk Feb 26, 2006 NARA Battle of the Bluegrass Open Wheel Modified banquet moved to ... Feb 20, 2006 Four major 358 events highlight 2006 Modified schedule at Mercer Feb 21, 2006 New Smyrna Champion, True Value Modified stars head to Portland Feb 23, 2006 The hidden agenda in push for genetically modified foods Feb 25, 2006 Inspection program modified for rentals Feb 22, 2006 Companies' law could be modified Feb 20, 2006 Other information Indication For the treatment of Bacterial infection of (Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, Pneumonia, Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections ) caused by H.influenzae, M.catarrhalis, M.pneumoniae, S.pneumoniae, C.pneumoniae (TWAR), S.aureus, S Pharmacology Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic similar to erythromycin and azithromycin, is effective against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and is used for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease, community-acquired pneumonia, sinusitis, and chronic bronchitis. Clarithromycin is also used to treat respiratory tract, sexually transmitted, otitis media, and AIDS-related infections. Mechanism Of Action Clarithromycin is first metabolized to 14-OH clarithromycin. Like other macrolides, it then binds to the 50 S subunit of the 70 S ribosome of the bacteria, blocking RNA-mediated bacterial protein synthesis. Clarithromycin also inhibits the hepatic microsomal CYP3A4 isoenzyme and P-glycoprotein, an energy-dependent drug efflux pump. Drug Category Anti-bacterial Agents; Other Macrolides; ATC:J01FA09 Brand Names/Synonyms Biaxin; Biaxin Xl; CAM; CLA; Clarithromycin; Clarithromycine; Clathromycin; Klacid; Klaricid; Macladin; Naxy; Prevpac; Veclam; Zeclar Dosage Forms suspension and tablets Absorption 50% Interactions -->Interactions for Clarithromycin: Clarithromycin use in patients who are receiving theophylline may be associated with an increase of serum theophylline concentrations. Monitoring of serum theophylline concentrations should be considered for patients receiving high doses of theophylline or with baseline concentrations in the upper therapeutic range. In two studies in which theophylline was administered with clarithromycin (a theophylline sustained-release formulation was dosed at either 6.5 mg/kg or 12 mg/kg together with 250 or 500 mg q12h clarithromycin), the steady-state levels of Cmax, Cmin, and the area under the serum concentration time curve (AUC) of theophylline increased about 20%. Concomitant administration of single doses of clarithromycin and carbamazepine has been shown to result in increased plasma concentrations of carbamazepine. Blood level monitoring of carbamazepine may be considered. When clarithromycin and terfenadine were coadministered, plasma concentrations of the active acid metabolite of terfenadine were threefold higher, on average, than the values observed when terfenadine was administered alone. The pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and the 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin were not significantly affected by coadministration of terfenadine once clarithromycin reached steady-state conditions. Concomitant administration of clarithromycin with terfenadine is contraindicated. Clarithromycin 500 mg every 8 hours was given in combination with omeprazole 40 mg daily to healthy adult subjects. The steady-state plasma concentrations of omeprazole were increased (Cmax, AUC0-24, and T½ increases of 30%, 89%, and 34%, respectively), by the concomitant administration of clarithromycin. The mean 24-hour gastric pH value was 5.2 when omeprazole was administered alone and 5.7 when co-administered with clarithromycin. Co-administration of clarithromycin with ranitidine bismuth citrate resulted in increased plasma ranitidine concentrations (57%), increased plasma bismuth trough concentrations (48%), and increased 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin plasma concentrations (31%). These effects are clinically insignificant. Simultaneous oral administration of clarithromycin and zidovudine to HIV-infected adult patients resulted in decreased steady-state zidovudine concentrations. When 500 mg of clarithromycin were administered twice daily, steady-state zidovudine AUC was reduced by a mean of 12% (n=4). Individual values ranged from a decrease of 34% to an increase of 14%. Based on limited data in 24 patients, when clarithromycin was administered two to four hours prior to oral zidovudine, the steady-state zidovudine Cmax was increased by approximately 2-fold, whereas the AUC was unaffected. Simultaneous administration of clarithromycin and didanosine to 12 HIV-infected adult patients resulted in no statistically significant change in didanosine pharmacokinetics. Concomitant administration of fluconazole 200 mg daily and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily to 21 healthy volunteers led to increases in the mean steady-state clarithromycin Cmin and AUC of 33% and 18%, respectively. Steady-state concentrations of 14-OH clarithromycin were not significantly affected by concomitant administration of fluconazole. Concomitant administration of clarithromycin and ritonavir (n=22) resulted in a 77% increase in clarithromycin AUC and a 100% decrease in the AUC of 14-OH clarithromycin. Clarithromycin may be administered without dosage adjustment to patients with normal renal function taking ritonavir. However, for patients with renal impairment, the following dosage adjustments should be considered. For patients with CLCR 30 to 60 mg/min, the dose of clarithromycin should be reduced by 50%. For patients with CLCR < 30 ml/min, the dose of clarithromycin should be decreased by 75%. Spontaneous reports in the post-marketing period suggest that concomitant administration of clarithromycin and oral anticoagulants may potentiate the effects of the oral anticoagulants. Prothrombin times should be carefully monitored while patients are receiving clarithromycin and oral anticoagulants simultaneously. Elevated digoxin serum concentrations in patients receiving clarithromycin and digoxin concomitantly have also been reported in post-marketing surveillance. Some patients have shown clinical signs consistent with digoxin toxicity, including potentially fatal arrhythmias. Serum digoxin levels should be carefully monitored while patients are receiving digoxin and clarithromycin simultaneously. The following drug interactions, other than increased serum concentrations of carbamazepine and active acid metabolite of terfenadine, have not been reported in clinical trials with clarithromycin; however, they have been observed with erythromycin products and/or with clarithromycin in post-marketing experience. Concurrent use of erythromycin or clarithromycin and ergotamine or dihydroergotamine has been associated in some patients with acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Erythromycin has been reported to decrease the clearance of triazolam and, thus, may increase the pharmacologic effect of triazolam. There have been post-marketing reports of drug interactions and CNS effects (e.g., somnolence and confusion) with the concomitant use of clarithromycin and triazolam. There have been reports of an interaction between erythromycin and astemizole resulting in QT prolongation and torsades de pointes. Concomitant administration of erythromycin and astemizole is contraindicated. Because clarithromycin is also metabolized by cytochrome P450, concomitant administration of clarithromycin with astemizole is not recommended. As with other macrolides, clarithromycin has been reported to increase concentrations of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g., lovastatin and simvastatin), through inhibition of cytochrome P450 metabolism of these drugs. Rare reports of rhabdomyolysis have been reported in patients taking these drugs concomitantly. The use of erythromycin and clarithromycin in patients concurrently taking drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system may be associated with elevations in serum levels of these other drugs. There have been reports of interactions of erythromycin and/or clarithromycin with carbamazepine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine, valproate, terfenadine, cisapride, pimozide, rifabutin, and astemizole. Serum concentrations of drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system should be monitored closely in patients concurrently receiving these drugs. Chemical IUPAC Name 6-(4-dimethylamino-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy-14-ethyl-12,13-dihydroxy-4-(5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy-7-methoxy-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl-1-oxacyclotetradecane-2,10-dione Chemical Formula C38H69NO13 Half Life 3-4 hours Drug Type Approved Drug # Accession No APRD00181 CAS Registry Number 81103-11-9 |
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