Alprazolam: profile and news
Novartis files combo blood pressure drug in EU Mar 3, 2006
...said recently it has high hopes for the latter drug, which has a benign side effect profile that rivals the firm's $3.7 billion Diovan (valsartan) product, but ... - Pharma Times (subscription),
UPDATE 2-Novartis files 2-in-1 blood pressure pill in EU Mar 3, 2006
Exforge is a once-daily tablet that combines two blood-pressure treatments -- Novartis's valsartan, which it markets under the name of Diovan, and amlodipine ... - Reuters
Clinical Trials Update: Feb. 13, 2006 Feb 13, 2006
...is conducting a clinical research study to find out if the study drug valsartan plus hydrochlorothiazide (Diovan HCT) is safe and effective for patients who ... - Forbes
Insurers get between doc, his patients Feb 26, 2006
...which insurance companies. "Look, Diovan has much better coverage than it's competitors," the Novartis rep tells me. Then the Cozaar ... - The Free Lance-Star,
Pfizer's Lipitor Keeps Top Spot Even as Growth Slows (Update1) Feb 15, 2006
...fell 5.9 percent. Novartis's Diovan hypertension treatment brought in $3.6 billion in sales, up 19 percent. The hypertension treatment ... - Bloomberg
Glaxo: Healthy Drugmaker Feb 8, 2006
...has grown to nearly 17% of total pharmaceutical sales, that's still not too bad when you look at how important Lipitor is to Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) or Diovan is to ... - Motley Fool
Generics Expected to Take Bigger Bite From Top-Selling Drugs ... Feb 16, 2006
...the next decade.". The Diovan hypertension treatment from Novartis brought in $3.6 billion in sales, up 19 percent. The drug helped ... - International News Service,
Novartis, Serono Suitor, Relies on Diovan for Earnings Growth Jan 17, 2006
...pharmaceutical company considering a bid for Serono SA, may say fourth-quarter profit rose because of demand for its hypertension treatment Diovan and the ... - Bloomberg
(PZ) Novartis Delivers Strong Performance with Record Results in ... Jan 18, 2006
Many leading products, particularly Diovan, Lotrel and Gleevec/Glivec were the No. 1 products by sales in their therapeutic categories. ... - Houston Chronicle,
Novartis 4th-Qtr Net Unchanged; Shares Tumble (Update6) Jan 19, 2006
...vaccine maker Chiron Corp. to reduce dependence on the 10-year- old Diovan heart drug and the Gleevec cancer pill. ``Market growth in ... - Bloomberg
Novartis 4th-Quarter Net Unchanged on Higher Costs (Update2) Jan 18, 2006
...to cut dependence on Diovan, a 10-year-old drug. ... Diovan generated almost 17 percent of the company's 2004 revenue from branded pharmaceuticals. ... - Bloomberg
Novartis 4th-Quarter Net Unchanged on Higher Costs (Update3) Jan 19, 2006
...share.''. Novartis is looking to cut dependence on Diovan, a 10-year- old drug whose sales rose 20 percent in the quarter. Revenue ... - Bloomberg
Acquisition Costs Jan 18, 2006
Novartis, like bigger rivals GlaxoSmithKline Plc and Sanofi-Aventis SA, is getting growth from older medicines such as Diovan and cancer pill Gleevec until it ... - Bloomberg
Novartis Q4 net down slightly on impairment charges; sees record ... Jan 18, 2006
Cardiovascular franchise sales advanced 16 pct, supported by ongoing strong performances from Diovan and Lotrel, Novartis said. ... - Forbes
Record results for Novartis in 2005 Jan 18, 2006
...net sales were up ten per cent to $20.3 billion, growth which Novartis said was "ahead of the market", and led by top products such as hypertension drug Diovan ... - Swissinfo,
Novartis' Rasilez faces barriers to entry Jan 19, 2006
Cozaar goes off-patent in 2010. Also, in this class is Novartis' own drug Diovan, which goes off-patent in 2012. Novartis said Thursday ... - United Press International
Novartis sales rise but earnings are muted Jan 19, 2006
Due to strong demand for Diovan, its top selling treatment for hypertension, turnover last year was 26.6 billion euros, up from 23.3 billion the previous year. ... - Euronews.net,
Novartis sees record '06 after 18 pct Q4 sales rise Jan 18, 2006
BASEL, Switzerland (Reuters) - Fourth-quarter sales at Novartis AG rose by 18 percent, boosted by demand for its top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, and the ... - Reuters
Novartis profit hit by one-offs Jan 18, 2006
...sales at Novartis AG rose 18 percent in local currencies to $8.657 billion, thanks to sustained demand for top selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered ... - MSN Money
UPDATE 1-Novartis Q4 sales up 18 pct, profit hit Jan 18, 2006
VX: Quote, Profile, Research) rose an in-line 18 percent to $8.657 billion, thanks to sustained demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered ... - Reuters
Novartis sales up 18 percent Jan 18, 2006
AG rose an in-line 18 percent to $8.657 billion (4.915 billion pounds), thanks to sustained demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered by ... - Scotsman,
Novartis Q4 sales up 18 pct, profit hit Jan 18, 2006
...quarter sales at Novartis AG rose an in-line 18 percent to $8.657 billion, thanks to sustained demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered by ... - ABC News
UPDATE 2-Novartis sees record '06 after 18 pct Q4 sales rise Jan 18, 2006
...quarter sales at Novartis AG (NOVN.VX: Quote, Profile, Research) rose by 18 percent, boosted by demand for its top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, and the ... - Reuters
UPDATE 5-Muted outlook hits Novartis stock, sales rise Jan 19, 2006
Fourth-quarter sales at Novartis AG (NOVN.VX: Quote, Profile, Research) rose by 18 percent, fuelled by demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, but a ... - Reuters
Novartis' 4Q Profit Flat on Charges Jan 19, 2006
The maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy treatment Trileptal earned $1.352 billion, compared with $1.354 billion in the comparable quarter a year ... - CBS News
Drug firm Novartis's fourth-quarter profits virtually flat on one ... Jan 19, 2006
The maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy treatment Trileptal earned $1.352 billion US (1.12 billion euros), compared with $1.354 billion in the ... - CBC News,
Novartis Q4 sales up 18 pct, profit hit by one-offs Jan 18, 2006
Profile, Research) rose 18 percent in local currencies to $8.657 billion, thanks to sustained demand for top selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered by ... - Reuters
Novartis profit hit by one-offs Jan 18, 2006
...rose 18 percent in local currencies to $8.657 billion (4.915 billion pounds), thanks to sustained demand for top selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered ... - Reuters.uk,
Novartis Q4 sales increase by 18% Jan 19, 2006
SWITZERLAND: Sales at Novartis rose by 18per cent in Q4, fuelled by demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, but a muted sales outlook for ’06 hit ... - Economic Times,
Novartis 4Q net profit virtually flat Jan 19, 2006
The maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy treatment Trileptal earned US$1.352 billion (euro1.12 billion), compared with US$1.354 billion in the ... - BusinessWeek
Novartis says fourth quarter net income stalled on acquisition ... Jan 19, 2006
AG and vaccine maker Chiron Corp. to reduce dependence on Diovan, a 10-year-old drug. Novartis is planning to request regulators ... - FinFacts Ireland,
Muted outlook hits Novartis stock, sales rise Jan 19, 2006
BASEL, Switzerland - Fourth-quarter sales at Novartis AG (NOVN.VX) rose by 18 percent, fueled by demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, but a muted ... - Ely Times,
Pfizer fourth-quarter profit slips 3 percent Jan 20, 2006
Meanwhile, Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis AG, the maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy treatment Trileptal, reported a fourth-quarter net profit ... - The Spokesman Review,
Morgan Stanley On Pharma Amid Medicare Change Jan 17, 2006
Clear winner is Novartis (NVS), says Morgan Stanley, with Diovan. Rates pharmaceutical sector attractive. (KAB). Contact us in London. ... - New Ratings
Erratic Heart Rate Jan 23, 2006
Reader: Before age 69, I was told that “scar tissue reveals patient had heart attack.� It’s hard to know when. I take HCTZ, Toprol XL, and Diovan. ... - Saturday Evening Post,
Muted outlook hits Novartis stock, sales rise Jan 19, 2006
Reuters) - Fourth-quarter sales at Novartis AG (NOVN.VX: Quote) rose by 18 percent, fueled by demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan, but a muted ... - Reuters Canada,
Novartis Q4 sales up 18 pct, profit hit Jan 18, 2006
...at Novartis AG (NOVN.VX: Quote) rose an in-line 18 percent to $8.657 billion, thanks to sustained demand for top-selling hypertension drug Diovan and bolstered ... - Reuters Canada,
Pfizer 4Q Profit Slips Nearly 3 Percent Jan 19, 2006
Wall Street estimates when one-time charges are excluded.Meanwhile, Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis AG, the maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy ... - WJLA,
Pfizer, Novartis Profits Stall as Demand Slows for Older Drugs Jan 19, 2006
Novartis is looking to reduce dependence on Diovan, whose sales rose 20 percent in the quarter. Sales of the transplant drug Neoral declined 10 percent. ... - Bloomberg
Glaxo, Logitech, LVMH, Novartis, Shire: European Equity Preview Jan 18, 2006
SEO VX) may say fourth- quarter profit rose 5.7 percent from a year earlier to $1.43 billion, because of demand for its hypertension treatment Diovan and the ... - Bloomberg
Novartis says on track with key new drug filings Jan 19, 2006
Chief Executive Daniel Vasella said the drug was well-tolerated in patients and worked marginally better than Diovan, an older hypertension treatment which is ... - Reuters
Sales Advance at Novartis Jan 19, 2006
2005. Net sales in the US climbed 14% to $2.2 billion, fueled by growth in the drugs Diovan, Lotrel, Gleevec, Femara and Zelnorm. ... - TheStreet.com
Novartis profit flat, charges pressure Jan 19, 2006
Sales of its Diovan and Lotrel hypertension drugs, Gleevec/Glivec anti-leukemia medication, Femara breast-cancer therapy and Zelmac/Zelnorm drugs for irritable ... - MarketWatch
Novartis net flat in fourth quarter Jan 19, 2006
Volume increases contributed nine percentage points and acquisitions ten percentage points to net sales growth, Novartis said, led by its Diovan and Lotrel ... - MarketWatch
Novartis Marches On Jan 19, 2006
...competition or drug withdrawals. In fact, leading drugs like Diovan and Gleevec are still growing by more than 20%. What's more, FDA ... - MSNBC
Energized investors give stocks boost Jan 20, 2006
Swiss drug giant Novartis AG, the maker of hypertension drug Diovan and epilepsy treatment Trileptal, reported a net profit that was virtually flat because of ... - Akron Beacon Journal,
Business briefs Jan. 20 Jan 19, 2006
Meanwhile, Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis AG, the maker of hypertension drug Diovan, reported a fourth-quarter net profit that was virtually flat due to ... - Hilton Head Island Packet,
Novartis posts record 2005 figures but earnings disappoint Jan 20, 2006
...cardiovascular and oncology franchises each generated more than $5 billion in annual net sales and many leading products, particularly Diovan, Lotrel and ... - Pharmaceutical Business Review
Updates, advisories and surprises Jan 19, 2006
...increases contributed nine percentage points and acquisitions ten percentage points to net sales growth, Novartis said, led by its Diovan, Lotrel, Gleevec ... - Investor's Business Daily (subscription)
Novartis' sales climb 14% in fourth quarter Jan 19, 2006
Meanwhile, looking at the performance of individual products, growth in the pharma division was once again driven by Diovan (valsartan) for high blood pressure ... - Pharma Times (subscription),
Glaxo: Healthy Drugmaker Feb 8, 2006
...has grown to nearly 17% of total pharmaceutical sales, that's still not too bad when you look at how important Lipitor is to Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) or Diovan is to ... - Motley Fool
NAVIGATOR data presented at American Heart Association's ... Nov 16, 2005
...- Data from more than 43,000 people screened for Diovan(R) (valsartan) trial show cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors linked with marker for non ... - PR Newswire (press release),
NAVIGATOR Data Presented at American Heart Association's ... Nov 16, 2005
16, 2005 /PRNewswire/ -- Data from more than 43,000 people screened for the landmark NAVIGATOR trial involving the anti-hypertension drug Diovan(R) (valsartan ... - PharmaLive.com (press release),
Proven alive but still pensionless Dec 7, 2005
For example Diovan, one of the medicines I take, has a discounted price of P1,062. That’s immediately 68 percent of the pension. So, again, why? ... - INQ7.net,
Clinical Trials Update: Dec. 1, 2005 Dec 1, 2005
This study hopes to learn that if patient's blood pressure isn't lowered while taking Diovan HCT, then will different doses of Diovan HCT or Diovan HCT plus ... - Atlanta Journal Constitution (subscription),
Drugs in Developement Nov 15, 2005
...degeneration in the European Union, LDT600 for the treatment of hepatitis B in the United States and European Union, as well as a new Diovan combination with ... - R&D Directions (subscription),
Pharma Reformulates Dec 5, 2005
...asthma therapy Singulair, Wyeth's PPI Protonix (licensed from Altana Pharma), AstraZeneca's Seroquel, and Novartis' angiotensin II antagonist Diovan have all ... - Chemical & Engineering News
Heart drugs pretty effective Nov 18, 2005
Heart medications such as Pfizer Inc.'s Lipitor and Norvasc, Merck & Co.'s Zocor and Novartis AG's Diovan pose a significant challenge for the prospects of ... - United Press International
Test drive shows she'll likely save money Nov 13, 2005
Timmer' takes two blood-pressure drugs that are not available in generic form: Diovan, at $60.71 locally for 30 days, and Norvasc, at $44.89. ... - The Grand Rapids Press,
3 New Products Among Most Promoted to Managed Care Pharmacy ... Nov 29, 2005
The products with the most contacts to PAR-Rx panelists in 3Q 05 were: 1. Vytorin 2. Lexapro 3. Byetta 4. Lyrica 5. Asmanex, Diovan, Lipitor (tie). ... - Genetic Engineering News,
Pfizer Japan Surveys Doctors on Blood Pressure Control Nov 9, 2005
Of the respondents, 24.2% take Norvasc by Pfizer, followed by Blopress by Takeda Pharmaceutical (16.7%) and Diovan by Novartis Pharma (16.3%). ... - Japan Corporate News (press release),
Men spared side effect from pain reliever Nov 10, 2005
Sometimes this works to ward off the cramps, but not always. I take atenolol, Norvasc, tolazamide, Lasix and Diovan for diabetes and heart failure. ... - Bradenton Herald,
Pfizer's Troubles Pull Down Drugmakers Nov 21, 2005
Novartis’ revenues from patented pharmaceuticals rose 11%, thanks in part to a 23% increase in sales of oncology drugs like Diovan, Gleevec, Lotrel, Femara ... - Chemical & Engineering News
Other information
Indication
For the treatment or management of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia
Pharmacology
Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, is used to treat panic disorder and anxiety disorder. Unlike chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, and prazepam, alprazolam has a shorter half-life and yields metabolites with minimal activity. Like other triazolo benzodiazepines such as triazolam, alprazolam may have significant drug interactions involving the hepatic cytochrome P-450 3A4 isoenzyme.
Mechanism Of Action
Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell.
Drug Category
Anti-anxiety Agents; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Benzodiazepines; GABA Modulators;
Brand Names/Synonyms
Alplax; Alprazolam; Alpronax; Bestrol; Cassadan; Constan; D 65MT; Esparon; Frontal; Intensol; Niravam; TUS-1; Tafil; Trankimazin; Tranquinal; Xanax; Xanax Xr; Xanor
Dosage Forms
TABLET
Absorption
Following oral administration Benzodiazepines are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, usually within 1 to 2 hours. Following intramuscular administration _ Lorazepam absorption is rapid and complete, whereas chlordiazepoxide and diazepam absorption may be slow and erratic, depending upon the site of administration . When diazepam is injected into the deltoid muscle, absorption is usually rapid and complete . Following rectal administration _ Absorption of diazepam rectal solution and rectal gel is rapid.
Interactions
-->Interactions for Alprazolam:
The benzodiazepines, including alprazolam, produce additive CNS depressant effects when co-administered with other
psychotropic medications, anticonvulsants, antihistaminics, ethanol, and other drugs which themselves produce CNS
depression.
The steady state plasma concentrations of imipramine and desipramine have been reported to be increased an average
of 31% and 20%, respectively, by the concomitant administration of alprazolam tablets in doses up to 4 mg/day. The
clinical significance of these changes is unknown.
Drugs That Inhibit Alprazolam Metabolism Via Cytochrome P450 3A: The initial step in alprazolam
metabolism is hydroxylation catalyzed by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP 3A). Drugs which inhibit this metabolic pathway may
have a profound effect on the clearance of alprazolam .
Drugs Demonstrated to be CYP 3A Inhibitors of Possible Clinical Significance on the Basis of Clinical
Studies Involving Alprazolam (caution is recommended during coadministration with alprazolam):
- Fluoxetine: Coadministration of fluoxetine with alprazolam increased the maximum plasma
concentration of alprazolam by 46%, decreased clearance by 21%, increased half-life by 17%, and decreased measured
psychomotor performance.
- Propoxyphene: Coadministration of propoxyphene decreased the maximum plasma concentration of
alprazolam by 6%, decreased clearance by 38%, and increased half-life by 58%.
- Oral Contraceptives: Coadministration of oral contraceptives increased the maximum plasma
concentration of alprazolam by 18%, decreased clearance by 22%, and increased half-life by 29%.
Drugs and other substances demonstrated to be CYP 3A inhibitors on the basis of clinical studies involving
benzodiazepines metabolized similarly to alprazolam or on the basis of in vitro studies with alprazolam or other
benzodiazepines (caution is recommended during coadministration with alprazolam): Available data from
clinical studies of benzodiazepines other than alprazolam suggest a possible drug interaction with alprazolam for the
following: diltiazem, isoniazid, macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin and clarithromycin, and grapefruit juice.
Data from in vitro studies of alprazolam suggest a possible drug interaction with alprazolam for the
following: sertraline and paroxetine. Data from in vitro studies of benzodiazepines other than alprazolam
suggest a possible drug interaction for the following: ergotamine, cyclosporine, amiodarone, nicardipine, and
nifedipine. Caution is recommended during the coadministration of any of these with alprazolam.
Chemical IUPAC Name
8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine
Chemical Formula
C17H13ClN4
Half Life
6.3-26.9 hours (average = 11.2 hrs)
Drug Type
Approved Drug
# Accession No
APRD00280
CAS Registry Number
28981-97-7