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Albuterol_sulfate: profile and news
FDA Approvals: HepaGam B, Xibrom, Proair HFA Mar 1, 2006 No Justification for Deep Cut in 2006 Medicare Dispensing Fee for ... Nov 13, 2005 44% of Homecare Pharmacies Will Stop Providing Inhalation Drug ... Oct 3, 2005 American Association for Homecare Opposes Any Cut to Dispensing ... 06 Aug 2005 IVAX Reports Results For Second Quarter 2005; Revenues Up 24% To ... Aug 1, 2005 IVAX Reports Results For Second Quarter 2005; Revenues Up 24% To ... Aug 1, 2005 Scheme by Drug Makers Cost Missouri Medicaid Millions May 15, 2005 AG sues two drug companies, alleging Medicaid fraud May 11, 2005 OIG Begins Survey of Inhalation Drug Services - Accurate Responses ... May 14, 2005 Missouri AG sues Schering-Plough unit May 11, 2005 Missouri accuses two drug makers of inflating wholesale prices May 11, 2005 Texas Goes After Big Pharma Mar 4, 2005 Other information Indication For relief and prevention of bronchospasm due to asthma; Emphysema; Chronic bronchitis Pharmacology Albuterol, a moderately selective beta(2)-receptor agonist similar in structure to terbutaline, is widely used as a bronchodilator to manage asthma and other chronic obstructive airway diseases. The R-isomer, levalbuterol, is responsible for bronchodilation while the S-isomer increases bronchial reactivity. Mechanism Of Action Albuterol is a beta(2)-adrenergic agonist. It stimulates beta(2)-adrenergic receptors. Binding of albuterol to beta(2)-receptors in the lungs results in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. It is believed that Albuterol increases cAMP production by activating adenylate cyclase, and the actions of albuterol are mediated by cAMP. Increased intracellular cyclic AMP increases the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, which inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin and lowers intracellular calcium concentrations. A lowered intracellular calcium concentrations leads to a smooth muscle relaxation. Increased intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations also cause an inhibition of the release of mediators from mast cells in the airways. Drug Category Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Tocolytic Agents; Bronchodilator Agents; ATC:R03AC Brand Names/Synonyms AH 3365; Accuneb; Aerolin; Albuterol; Albuterol Sulfate; Albuterol Sulfate Hfa; Asmaven; Broncovaleas; Cetsim; Cobutolin; Ecovent; Loftan; Proventil; Proventil Inhaler; Proventil-Hfa; Rotahaler; Salbulin; Salbutamol; Salbutamol Free Base; Salbutamol Sulfate; Salbutamol Sulphate; Salbutard; Salbutine; Salbuvent; Solbutamol; Sultanol; Venetlin; Ventalin Inhaler; Ventolin; Ventolin Hfa; Ventolin Inhaler; Ventolin Rotacaps; Volma; Volmax; Xopenex; Xopenex Hfa Dosage Forms ORAL SOLUTION; SYRUP; TABLETS; EXTENDED-RELEASE TABLETS; INJECTION (Intramuscular, Intravenous) Absorption Systemic absorption is rapid following aerosol administration Interactions -->Interactions for Albuterol: Other short-acting sympathomimetic aerosol bronchodilators should not be used concomitantly with albuterol. If additional adrenergic drugs are to be administered by any route, they should be used with caution to avoid deleterious cardiovascular effects. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors or Tricyclic Antidepressants: Albuterol should be administered with extreme caution to patients being treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants, or within 2 weeks of discontinuation of such agents, because the action of albuterol on the vascular system may be potentiated. Beta-Blockers: Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents not only block the pulmonary effect of beta-agonists, such as VENTOLIN Inhalation Aerosol, but may produce severe bronchospasm in patients with asthma. Therefore, patients with asthma should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g., as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-adrenergic blocking agents in patients with asthma. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers could be considered, although they should be administered with caution. Diuretics: The ECG changes and/or hypokalemia that may result from the administration of nonpotassium-sparing diuretics (such as loop or thiazide diuretics) can be acutely worsened by beta-agonists, especially when the recommended dose of the beta-agonist is exceeded. Although the clinical significance of these effects is not known, caution is advised in the coadministration of beta-agonists with nonpotassium-sparing diuretics. Digoxin: Mean decreases of 16% to 22% in serum digoxin levels were demonstrated after single-dose intravenous and oral administration of albuterol, respectively, to normal volunteers who had received digoxin for 10 days. The clinical significance of these findings for patients with obstructive airway disease who are receiving albuterol and digoxin on a chronic basis is unclear. Nevertheless, it would be prudent to carefully evaluate the serum digoxin levels in patients who are currently receiving digoxin and albuterol.
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